Обозначение для преподавателей, которые в связи с преклонным возрастом освобождены от исполнения своих ежедневных обязанностей. – Прим. пер.

P. Sharp, T. Jacks, and S. Hockfield, “Capitalizing on Convergence for Health Care,” Science 352, no. 6293 (2016): 1522–1523, ; Phillip Sharp and Susan Hockfield, “Convergence: The Future of Health,” Science 355, no. 6325 (2017): 589, .

Департамент по экономическим и социальным вопросам ООН, демографический отдел “Перспективы мировой урбанизации, редакция 2018 г.”, 2018, .

Chunwu Zhu et al.,“Carbon Dioxide (CO₂) Levels This Century Will Alter the Protein, Micronutrients, and Vitamin Content of Rice Grains with Potential Health Consequences for the Poorest Rice-Dependent Countries,” Science Advances 4, no. 5 (2018): 1–8, .

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Мальтус Т. Р. Опыт о законе народонаселения. – Петрозаводск: Петроком, 1993.

Комплексный проект учета численности народонаселения Великобритании. Последнее изменение – май 29, 2015, .

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Marcella Bombardieri and Jenna Russell, “Female Leadership Signals Shift at MIT,” Boston Globe, August 27, 2004; Arthur Jones, “Susan Hockfield Elected MIT’s 16th President,” TechTalk 49, no. 1 (2004); Katie Zezima, “M.I.T. Makes Yale Provost First Woman to Be Its Chief,” New York Times, August 27, 2004, .

Девизом МТИ является латинское выражение “Головой и руками” (лат. Mens et Manus). – Прим. пер.

Томас Магнатти в разговоре с автором осенью 2004 г.

H. F. Judson, The Eighth Day of Creation: The Makers of the Revolution in Biology (Plainview, NY: CSHL Press, 1996).

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Постдипломное обучение – эквивалент аспирантуры в России. По его окончании присуждается степень PhD (лат. Philosophiae Doctor, доктор философии), соответствующая российской степени кандидата наук. – Прим. науч. ред.

Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology, Molecular Neurobiology, XLVIII, C. S. H. Laboratory, 1983.

Процесс реализации генетической информации, которую несет данный ген, – синтез на его основе РНК с возможностью последующего синтеза белка. – Прим. науч. ред.

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Национальная академия наук, Кабинет министра внутренних дел, “Биографические воспоминания” – Biographical Memoirs, vol. 61 (Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 1992).

Национальная академия наук, Кабинет министра внутренних дел, “Биографические воспоминания” – Biographical Memoirs, vol. 61 (Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 1992).

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Angela N. H. Creager, “Phosphorus-32 in the Phage Group: Radioisotopes as Historical Tracers of Molecular Biology,” Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences 40, no. 1 (2009): 29–42, .

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Термин означает индивидуальный подход к лечению больных, противоположность лечению усредненного пациента. Методики лечения адаптируются под конкретного пациента, однако создание уникальных для него препаратов или методов не предполагается. – Прим. пер.

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Национальная академия наук, Кабинет министра внутренних дел, “Биографические воспоминания” – Biographical Memoirs, vol. 61 (Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 1992).

Управление денежными и сырьевыми ресурсами, товарами и услугами компании электронным способом через интернет. – Прим. пер.

Вычислительная сеть физических объектов / “вещей”, оснащенных встроенными технологиями для взаимодействия друг с другом или с внешней цифровой средой. – Прим. пер.

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“MacArthur Fellows Program: Angela Belcher,” 2004, .

Награда, которая ежегодно предоставляется Фондом Джона и Кэтрин Макартуров гражданам или резидентам США, обычно от 20 до 40 лет, работающим в любой отрасли и “демонстрирующим исключительные достижения и потенциал для долгой и плодотворной творческой работы”. Иногда награду называют “грантом для гениев”. – Прим. пер.

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Галиотисы (лат. Haliotis) также известны как абалоны (англ. Abalone), или морские ушки. – Прим. науч. ред.

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0,252 ккал. – Прим. пер.

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Группа Всемирного банка “Потребление электроэнергии (киловатт-час на душу населения)”. Последнее изменение – 2014, .

Группа Всемирного банка “Потребление электроэнергии (киловатт-час на душу населения)”. Последнее изменение – 2014, .

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Электролит – вещество, раствор которого проводит электрический ток. – Прим. науч. ред.

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Управление по охране окружающей среды США, “Калькулятор равноценности парниковых газов”. Последнее изменение – сентябрь 2017, .

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Живые организмы используют молекулы ДНК для хранения генетической информации, в то время как вирусы используют для этих целей как ДНК, так и РНК. – Прим. науч. ред.

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Один нанометр – одна миллионная часть миллиметра, или одна миллиардная часть метра, 10^–9 м. – Прим. науч. ред.

Метод, позволяющий “проецировать” исследуемый белок на оболочку вируса для его дальнейшего изучения. В 2018 г. за использование фагового дисплея для направленной эволюции антител была присуждена Нобелевская премия по химии. – Прим. науч. ред.

К счастью, ученым не пришлось изменять каждую из 2700 копий по отдельности – достаточно было изменить кодирующую ее последовательность в геноме вируса. – Прим. науч. ред.

Кисточки на другом конце центральной трубки М13 составляют два других белка – p7 и p9. – Прим. науч. ред.

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Научный сотрудник, находящийся на временной (1–2 года) ставке после получения степени PhD. – Прим. пер.

Изолятор механически разделяет катод и анод, предотвращая короткое замыкание и переход электролита от одного электрода к другому. – Прим. науч. ред.

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Институт науки о воде Геологической службы США, “Мировые запасы воды”. Последнее изменение – 2 декабря 2016. .

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Аристотель. Сочинения. В 4 т. (Серия “Философское наследие”). – М.: Мысль, 1975–1983. (Т. 3. Метеорологика).

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