Книга: Невидимые женщины: Почему мы живем в мире, удобном только для мужчин. Неравноправие, основанное на данных

Примечания

Введение

. .

. Slocum, Sally (1975), ‘Woman the gatherer: male bias in anthropology,’ in Reiter, Rayna R. ed. (1975), Toward an Anthropology of Women. Monthly Review Press.

. .

. Там же.

. .

. Там же.

. Walker, Phillip (1995), ‘Problems of Preservation and Sexism in Sexing: Some Lessons from Historical Collections for Palaeodemographers’, in Saunders, S. R. and Herring A. (eds.), Grave Reflections, Portraying the Past through Cemetery Studies (Canadian Scholars’ Press, Toronto); .

. .

. Hegarty, Peter and Buechel, Carmen (2006), ‘Androcentric Reporting of Gender Differences’, APA Journals: 1965–2004 Review of General Psychology, 10:4, 377–89; Vainapel, Sigal, Shamir, Opher Y., Tenenbaum, Yulie and Gilam, Gadi (2015), ‘The Dark Side of Gendered Language: The Masculine-Generic Form as a Cause for Self-Report Bias’, Psychological Assessment Issue, 27:4, 1513–19; Sczesny, Sabine, Formanowicz, Magda, and Moser, Franziska (2016), ‘Can Gender-Fair Language Reduce Gender Stereotyping and Discrimination?’, Frontiers in Psychology, 7, 1–11; Horvath, Lisa Kristina and Sczesny, Sabine (2016), ‘Reducing women’s lack of fit with leadership positions? Effects of the wording of job advertisements’, European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 25:2, 316–28; Stout, Jane G. and Dasgupta, Nilanjana (2011), ‘When He Doesn’t Mean You: Gender-Exclusive Language as Ostracism’, Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 36:6, 757–69; Vervecken, Dries, Hannover, Bettina and Wolter, Ilka (2013), ‘Changing (S) expectations: How gender fair job descriptions impact children’s perceptions and interest regarding traditionally male occupations’, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 82:3, 208–20; Prewitt-Freilino, J. L., Caswell, T. A. and Laakso, E. K. (2012), ‘The Gendering of Language: A Comparison of Gender Equality in Countries with Gendered, Natural Gender, and Genderless Languages’, Sex Roles, 66: 3–4, 268–81; Gygax, Pascal, Gabriel, Ute, Sarrasin, Oriane, Oakhill, Jane and Garnham, Alan (2008), ‘Generically intended, but specifically interpreted: When beauticians, musicians, and mechanics are all men’, Language and Cognitive Processes, 23:3, 464–85; Stahlberg, D., Sczesny, S. and Braun, F. (2001), ‘Name your favorite musician: effects of masculine generics and of their alternatives in German’, Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 20, 464–69.

. Stahlberg, Sczesny and Braun (2001).

. Sczesny, Formanowicz and Moser (2016); Vervecken, Hannover and Wolter (2013).

. Stahlberg, D. and Sczesny, S. (2001), ‘Effekte des generischen Maskulinums und alternativer Sprachformen auf den gedanklichen Einbezug von Frauen’ [The impact of masculine generics on the cognitive inclusion of women], Psychol. Rundsch., 52, 131–40; Horvath and Sczesny (2016); Sczesny, Formanowicz and Moser (2016).

. Stout and Dasgupta (2011); Sczesny, Formanowicz and Moser (2016).

. Gygax, Gabriel, Sarrasin, Oakhill and Garnham (2008).

. Vainapel, Shamir, Tenenbaum and Gilam (2015).

. Ignacio Bosque, ‘Sexismo linguistico y visibilidad de la mujer’, .

. Vainapel, Shamir, Tenenbaum and Gilam (2015).

. .

. Horvath and Sczesny (2016).

. Там же.

. Prewitt-Freilino, Caswell and Laakso (2012).

. .

. Bradley, Adam, MacArthur, Cayley, Carpendale, Sheelagh and Hancock, Mark, ‘Gendered or Neutral? Considering the Language of HCI’, Graphics Interface Conference 2015, 3–5 June, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, .

. .

. Naureen Durrani (2008), ‘Schooling the ‘other’: the representation of gender and national identities in Pakistani curriculum texts’, Compare: A Journal of Comparative and International Education, 38:5, 595–610.

. Lambdin, Jennifer R., Greer, Kristen M., Jibotian, Kari Selby, Wood, Kelly Rice and Hamilton, Mykol C. (2003), ’The Animal = Male Hypothesis: Children’s and Adults’ Beliefs About the Sex of Non-Sex-Specific Stuffed Animals’, Sex Roles, 48:11–12, 471–482.

. .

. Silvina Bongiovanni (2014), ‘‘No se preocupe la señora marquesa’: A study of gender bias in example sentences in the RAE grammar textbook’, IULC Working Papers, 14:1 .

. Clark, Roger, Allard, Jeffrey and Mahoney, Timothy (2004) ‘How Much of the Sky? Women in American High School History Textbooks from the 1960s, 1980s and 1990s’, Social Education, 68:1, 57–62.

. Amy L. Atchison (2017), ‘Where Are the Women? An Analysis of Gender Mainstreaming in Introductory Political Science Textbooks’, Journal of Political Science Education, 13:2, 185–199.

. Iveta Silova (2016), ‘Gender Analysis of Armenian School Curriculum and Textbooks Policy Brief’, PhD (June 2016), Arizona State University, ; Chiponda, Annie F and Wassermann, Johann (2016), ‘The depiction of women in the verbal text of a junior secondary Malawian history textbook — an analysis’, Yesterday & Today, 16, 40–59; ; Durrani (2008); Ullah, Hazir and Skelton, Christine (2013), ‘Gender representation in the public sector schools textbooks of Pakistan’, Educational Studies 39:2; 2006, 2007, 2009 and 2010 studies cit. Chiponda, Annie F and Wassermann, Johann (2016).

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. ; .

. .

. См. также Anna Beer (2016): Sounds and Sweet Airs: The Forgotten Women of Classical Music, London.

. .

. Beer (2016).

. Несмотря на то, что Фанни Гензель с детства считалась необычайно одаренной, отец сказал ей, что профессионально сочинять музыку позволительно ее брату, Феликсу Мендельсону, а для нее музыка может и должна остаться лишь дамским рукоделием, приятным времяпрепровождением.

. .

. Bourdieu, Pierre (1972) Outline of a Theory of Practice, Nice, Richard trans. (1977), Cambridge.

. .

Глава 1

. .

. Ceccato, Vania (2017), ‘Women’s victimisation and safety in transit environments’, Crime Prevention and Community Safety, 19:3–4, 163–7".

. : World Bank (2007), Gender and Urban Transport: Fashionable and Affordable Module 7a Sustainable Transport: A Sourcebook for Policy-makers in Developing Cities.

. .

. Ceccato (2017).

. .

. Sanchez de Madariaga, Ines, ‘Mobility of Care: Introducing New Concepts in Urban Transport’, in Roberts, Marion and Sanchez de Madariaga, Ines (eds.) (2013), Fair Shared Cities: The Impact of Gender Planning in Europe, Farnham.

. .

. Rolfsman, E., P.-O. Bylund, and B.-I. Saveman. 2012. “Single Injury Incidents among Pedestrians and Bicyclists in Northern Sweden — Safety and Preventive Issues.” Safety Science Monitor 16 (1): 1–10.

. .

. ; .

. .

. Sanchez de Madariaga (2013).

. .

. ; World Bank (2007).

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. Sanchez de Madariaga (2013); Tran, Hoai Anh and Schlyter, Ann (2010), ‘Gender and class in urban transport: the cases of Xian and Hanoi’, Environment and Urbanization, 22:1, 139–55.

. ; .

. .

. Там же.

. .

. World Bank (2007).

. .

. Sanchez de Madariaga (2013).

. .

. (duffle 2012).

. .

. Там же.

. .

. Architekturzentrum Wien (2008), Housing in Vienna: Innovative, Social, Ecological, Vienna.

. .

Глава 2

. .

. Banks, Taunya Lovell (1991), ‘Toilets as a Feminist Issue: A True Story’, Berkeley Women’s Law Journal, 6:2, 263–289.

. Greed, Clara (2014), ‘Global gendered toilet provision’, in ‘More Public than Private: Toilet Adoption and Menstrual Hygiene Management II’, AAG Annual Conference, Tampa, Florida, USA, 8–12 April 2014.

. .

. Greed (2014).

. .

. Greed (2014).

. Там же.

. , .

. .

. Sommer, Marni, Chandraratna, Sahani, Cavill, Sue, Mahon, Therese, and Phillips-Howard, Penelope (2016), ‘Managing menstruation in the workplace: an overlooked issue in low- and middle-income countries’, Int. J. Equity Health, 15:86.

. .

. Там же.

. .

. ; .

. .

. Jadhav, A., Weitzman, A. and Smith-Greenaway, E. (2016), ‘Household sanitation facilities and women’s risk of non-partner sexual violence in India’, BMC Public Health, 16:1139.

. .

. Greed (2014).

. .

. , 2009.

. .

. Gardner, Natalie, Cui, Jianqiang and Coiacetto, Eddo (2017), ‘Harassment on public transport and its impacts on women’s travel behaviour’, Australian Planner, 54:1, 8–15.

. Там же.

. .

. Gardner, Cui and Coiacetto (2017).

. Ceccato, Vania and Paz, Yuri (2017), ‘Crime in Sao Paulo’s metro system: sexual crimes against women’, Crime Prevention and Community Safety, 19:3-4, 211-26.

. .

. Ceccato and Paz (2017).

. Gardner, Cui and Coiacetto (2017).

. .

. Ceccato and Paz (2017).

. Gardner, Cui and Coiacetto (2017).

. .

. Ceccato and Paz (2017).

. ; .

. .

. Ceccato, Vania (2017), ‘Women’s transit safety: making connections and defining future directions in research and practice’, Crime Prevention and Community Safety, 19:3–4 (September 2017), 276–87.

. Gardner, Cui and Coiacetto (2017).

. .

. Ceccato (2017).

. .

. Ceccato and Paz (2017).

. .

. Ceccato (2017).

. .

. Gardner, Cui and Coiacetto (2017).

. .

. ; .

. .

. Goodney, Suzanne, D’Silva, Lea Elsa and Asok, Abhijith (2017), ‘Women’s strategies addressing sexual harassment and assault on public buses: an analysis of crowdsourced data’, Crime Prevention and Community Safety, 19: 3–4, 227–39.

. .

. ; .

. Irschik, Elisabeth and Kail, Eva, ‘Vienna: Progress Towards a Fair Shared City’, in Roberts, Marion and Sanchez de Madariaga, Ines (eds.) (2013).

. .

Глава 3

. .

. McKinsey Global Institute (2015), The Power of Parity: how advancing women’s equality can add $12 trillion to global growth.

. .

. Veerle, Miranda (2011), ‘Cooking, Caring and Volunteering: Unpaid Work Around the World’, OECD Social, employment and migration working papers no. 116, OECD.

. .

. Chopra, D. and Zambelli, E. (2017), ‘No Time to Rest: Women’s Lived xperiences of Balancing Paid Work and Unpaid Care Work’, Institute of Development Studies.

. Veerle (2011).

. Dinh, Huong, Strazdins, Lyndall and Welsh, Jennifer (2017), ‘Hour-glassceilings: Work-hour thresholds, gendered health inequities’, Social Science & Medicine 176, 42–51.

. .

. Там же.

. .

. Dinh, Strazdins and Welsh (2017).

. .

. L. Schiebinger and S. K. Gilmartin (2010), ‘Housework is an academic issue’, Academe, 96:39–44.

. .

. Kilpi, F., Konttinen, H., Silventoinen, K., Martikainen, P. (2015) ‘Living arrangements as determinants of myocardial infarction incidence and survival: A prospective register study of over 300,000 Finnish men and women’, Social Science & Medicine, 133, 93–100.

. .

. Virtanen, M., Ferrie, J. E., Singh-Manoux, A. et al. (2011), ‘Long working hours and symptoms of anxiety and depression: a 5-year follow-up of the Whitehall II study’, Psychological Medicine, 41:12, 2485–94.

. Shields, M. (1999) ‘Long working hours and health’, Health Reports, 11:2, 33–48.

. Dinh, Strazdins and Welsh (2017).

. Dembe, Allard E. and Yao, Xiaoxi (2016), ‘Chronic Disease Risks From Exposure to Long-Hour Work Schedules Over a 32-Year Period’, MPH Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, 58:9, 861–7.

. Там же.

. .

. Fawcett Society (2018), Sex Discrimination Law Review.

. .

. Levanon, Asaf, England, Paula and Allison, Paul (2009) ‘Occupational Feminization and Pay: Assessing Causal Dynamics Using 1950–2000 U.S. Census Data’, Social Forces, 88:2, 865–891.

. Pan, Jessica (2015), ‘Gender Segregation in Occupations: The Role of Tipping and Social Interactions’, Journal of Labor Economics, 33:2, 365–408.

. .

. Fawcett Society (2018), Sex Discrimination Law Review.

. Там же.

. .

. Там же.

. .

. Kalb, Guyonne (2018), ‘Paid Parental Leave and Female Labour Supply: A Review’, Economic Record, 94:304, 80–100; Strang, Lucy and Broeks, Miriam (2016), ‘Maternity leave policies: Trade-offs between labour market demands and health benefits for children’, European Union; (2014).

. Rossin-Slater, Maya, Ruhm, Christopher J. and Waldfogel, Jane (2011), ‘The Effects of California’s Paid Family Leave Program on Mothers’ Leave-Taking and Subsequent Labor Market Outcomes’, NBER Working Paper No. 17715; Kalb (2018).

. Kalb (2018).

. Strang and Broeks (2016).

. .

. Kalb (2018).

. .

. Blau, Francine D. and Kahn, Lawrence M. (2013), ‘Female Labor Supply: Why is the US Falling Behind?’, The American Economic Review, 103:3, 251–256.

. .

. См. главу 10.

. .

. Goldin, Claudia (2014), ‘A Grand Gender Convergence: Its Last Chapter,’ American Economic Review, American Economic Association, 104:4, 1091–119.

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. European Parliament (2017), Gender Equality and Taxation in the European Union.

. .

. Schiebinger and Gilmartin (2010).

. .

. ; European Parliament (2017), Gender Equality and Taxation in the European Union.

. .

. Fawcett Society (2017), Does Local Government Work for Women?

Глава 4

. Goldin, Claudia and Rouse, Cecilia (2000), ‘Orchestrating Impartiality: The Impact of ‘Blind’ Auditions on Female Musicians’, American Economic Review, 90:4, 715–41.

. .

. Kunovich, Sheri and Slomczynski, Kazimierz M. (2007), ‘Systems of Distribution and a Sense of Equity: A Multilevel Analysis of Meritocratic Attitudes in Post-industrial Societies’, European Sociological Review, 23:5, 649–63; Castilla., Emilio J. and Benard, Stephen (2010), ‘The Paradox of Meritocracy in Organizations’, Administrative Science Quarterly, 55:4, 543–676.

. Reynolds, Jeremy and Xian, He (2014), ‘Perceptions of meritocracy in the land of opportunity’, Research in Social Stratification and Mobility, 36, 121–37.

. Castilla and Benard (2010).

. ; Castilla and Benard (2010).

. Castilla and Benard (2010).

. .

. Uhlmann, Eric Luis and Cohen, Geoffrey L. (2007), ‘“I think it, therefore it’s true”: Effects of self-perceived objectivity on hiring discrimination’, Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 104:2, 207–23; Castilla and Benard (2010).

. .

. Reynolds and Xian (2014).

. Handley, Ian M., Brown, Elizabeth R., Moss-Racusin, Corinne A. and Smith, Jessi L. (2015), ‘Quality of evidence revealing subtle gender biases in science is in the eye of the beholder’, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 112:43, 13201–13206.

. ; Wenneras, C. and Wold, A. (1997), ‘Nepotism and sexism in peer-review’, Nature, 387:341; Milkman, Katherine L., Akinola, Modupe and Chugh, Dolly (2015), ‘What Happens Before? A Field Experiment Exploring How Pay and Representation Differentially Shape Bias on the Pathway Into Organizations’, Journal of Applied Psychology, 100:6, 1678–712; Knobloch-Westerwick, Silvia, Glynn, Carroll J. and Huge, Michael (2013), ‘The Matilda Effect in Science Communication’, Science Communication, 35:5, 603–25; Kaatz, Anna, Gutierrez, Belinda and Carnes, Molly (2014), ‘Threats to objectivity in peer review: the case of gender’, Trends Pharmacol Sci., 35:8, 371–3; Women and Science Unit (2011), White Paper on the Position of Women in Science in Spain, UMYC.

. Women and Science Unit (2011); .

. Roberts, Sean G. and Verhoef, Tessa (2016), ‘Double-blind reviewing at EvoLang 11 reveals gender bias’, Journal of Language Evolution, 1:2, 163–67; Budden, Amber E., Tregenza, Tom, Aarssen, Lonnie W., Koricheva, Julia, Leimu, Roosa and Lortie, Christopher J. (2008), ‘Double-blind review favours increased representation of female authors’, Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 23:1, 4–6.

. Там же.

. Knobloch-Westerwick, Glynn and Huge (2013); Maliniak, Daniel, Powers, Ryan and Walter, Barbara F. (2013), ‘The Gender Citation Gap in International Relations’, International Organization; Mitchell, Sara McLaughlin, Lange, Samantha and Brus, Holly (2013), ‘Gendered Citation Patterns in International Relations’, Journal of International Studies Perspectives, 14:4, 485–92.

. King, Molly M., Bergstrom, Carl T., Correll, Shelley J., Jacquet, Jennifer, and West, Jevin D. (2017), ‘Men Set Their Own Cites High: Gender and Self-citation across Fields and over Time’ Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World, 3: 1–22.

. Bagilhole, Barbara and Goode, Jackie (2001), ‘The Contradiction of the Myth of Individual Merit, and the Reality of a Patriarchal Support System in Academic Careers: A Feminist Investigation’, European Journal of Women’s Studies, 8:2, 161–80.

. Krawczyk, Michał (2017), Are all researchers male? Gender misattributions in citations, Scientometrics, 110:3, 1397–1402.

. .

. Knobloch-Westerwick, Glynn and Huge (2013).

. .

. Mitchell, Sara McLaughlin and Hesli, Vicki L., ‘Women Don’t Ask? Women Don’t Say No? Bargaining and Service in the Political Science Profession, PS: Political Science & Politics, 46:2, 355–369; Guarino, Cassandra M. and Borden, Victor M. H. (2017), ‘Faculty Service Loads and Gender: Are Women Taking Care of the Academic Family?’, Research in Higher Education, 58:6 672–694.

. ; Laperriere, Eve, Messing, Karen and Bourbonnais, Renee (2017), ‘Work activity in food service: The significance of customer relations, tipping practices and gender for preventing musculoskeletal disorders’, Applied Ergonomics, 58, 89–101.

. Guarino and Borden (2017); Baker, Maureen (2012), Academic Careers and the Gender Gap, Canada; Gibney, Elizabeth (2017), ‘Teaching load could put female scientists at career disadvantage’, Nature, ; Women and Science Unit (2011), White Paper on the Position of Women in Science in Spain, UMYC.

. Amy Bug (2010), ‘Swimming against the unseen tide’, Phys. World, 23:08; Boring, Anne, Ottoboni, Kellie and Stark, Philip B. (2016), ‘Student evaluations of teaching (mostly) do not measure teaching effectiveness’ ScienceOpen Research.

. Boring, Anne, Ottoboni, Kellie and Stark, Philip B. (2016).

. .

. MacNell, Lillian, Driscoll, Adam and Hunt, Andrea N. (2015), ‘What’s in a Name: Exposing Gender Bias in Student Ratings of Teaching’, Innovative Higher Education, 40:4, 291–303.

. .

. Storage, Daniel, Home, Zachary, Cimpian, Andrei and Leslie, Sarah-Jane (2016), ‘The Frequency of ‘‘Brilliant’’ and ‘‘Genius’’ in Teaching Evaluations Predicts the Representation of Women and African Americans across Fields’, PLoS ONE 11:3; Leslie, Sarah-Jane, Cimpian, Andrei, Meyer, Meredith and Freeland, Edward (2015), ‘Expectations of brilliance underlie gender distributions across academic disciplines’, Science, 347:6219, 262–5; Meyer, Meredith, Cimpian, Andrei and Leslie, Sarah-Jane (2015), ‘Women are underrepresented in fields where success is believed to require brilliance’, Frontiers in Psychology, 6:235.

. Banchefsky, Sarah, Westfall, Jacob, Park, Bernadette and Judd, Charles M. (2016), ‘But You Don’t Look Like A Scientist!: Women Scientists with Feminine Appearance are Deemed Less Likely to be Scientists’, Sex Roles, 75:3–4, 95–109.

. Bian, Lin, Leslie, Sarah-Jane and Cimpian, Andrei (2017), ‘Gender stereotypes about intellectual ability emerge early and influence children’s interests’, Science, 355: 6323, 389–391.

. .

. Grunspan, Daniel Z., Eddy, Sarah L., Brownell, Sara E., Wiggins, Benjamin L., Crowe, Alison J., Goodreau, Steven M. (2016), ‘Males Under-Estimate Academic Performance of Their Female Peers in Undergraduate Biology Classrooms’, PLoS ONE, 11:2.

. Schmader, Toni, Whitehead, Jessica and Wysocki, Vicki H. (2007), ‘A Linguistic Comparison of Letters of Recommendation for Male and Female Chemistry and Biochemistry Job Applicants’, Sex Roles, 57:7–8, 509–14; Madera, Juan M., Hebl, Michelle R. and Martin, Randi C. (2009), ‘Gender and letters of recommendation for academia: Agentic and communal differences’, Journal of Applied Psychology, 94:6, 1591–9; Dutt, Kuheli, Pfaff, Danielle L., Bernstein, Ariel F., Dillard, Joseph S. and Block, Caryn J. (2016), ‘Gender differences in recommendation letters for postdoctoral fellowships in geoscience’, Nature Geoscience, 9, 805–8.

. Madera et al. (2009).

. .

. Trix, Frances and Psenka, Carolyn (2003), ‘Exploring the Color of Glass: Letters of Recommendation for Female and Male Medical Faculty’, Discourse & Society, 14:2, 191–220.

. Там же.

. Madera at al. (2009).

. Nielsen, Mathias Wullum, Andersen, Jens Peter, Schiebinger, Londa and Schneider, Jesper W. (2017), ‘One and a half million medical papers reveal a link between author gender and attention to gender and sex analysis’, Nature Human Behaviour, 1, 791–6.

. .

. Light, Jennifer S. (1999), ‘When Computers Were Women’, Technology and Culture, 40:3, 455–483.

. Ensmenger, Nathan L. (2010), The Computer Boys Take Over: Computers, Programmers, and the Politics of Technical Expertise, Cambridge MA.

. .

. Ensmenger, Nathan L. (2010).

. Там же.

. .

. ; Hannah Riley Bowles, Linda Babcock and Lei Lai (2007), ‘Social incentives for gender differences in the propensity to initiate negotiations: Sometimes it does hurt to ask’, Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 103, 84–103.

. .

. Gaucher, D., Friesen, J. and Kay, A. C. (2011), ‘Evidence that gendered wordingin job advertisements exists and sustains gender inequality’, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 101:1, 109–28.

. .

. Castilla, Emilio J. (2015), ‘Accounting for the Gap: A Firm Study Manipulating Organizational Accountability and Transparency in Pay Decisions’, Organization Science, 26:2, 311–33.

Глава 5

. Kingma, Boris and Marken Lichtenbelt, Wouter van (2015), ‘Energy consumption in buildings and female thermal demand,’ Nature Climate Change, 5, 1054–6.

. .

. Там же.

. .

. Messing, K. (in press), ‘Fighting invisibility in the workplace: the struggle to protect health and support equality in the workplace’ In Greaves, Lorraine (ed.) A History of Women’s Health in Canada, Second Story Press.

. Cote, Julie (2012), ‘A critical review on physical factors and functional characteristics that may explain a sex/gender difference in work-related neck/shoulder disorders’, Ergonomics, 55:2, 173–82.

. .

. Rochon Ford, Anne (2014), ‘‘Overexposed, Underinformed’’: Nail Salon Workers and Hazards to Their Health / A Review of the Literature National Network on Environments and Women’s Health’, RPSFM (Reseau pancanadien sur la sante des femmes et le milieu).

. .

. ‘Breast Cancer and Occupation: The Need for Action: APHA Policy Statement Number 20146, Issued November 18, 2014’, NEW SOLUTIONS: A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy; Rochon Ford (2014).

. Breast Cancer and Occupation: The Need for Action: APHA Policy Statement Number 20146, Issued November 18, 2014’; Brophy, James T., Keith, Margaret M. et al. (2012), ‘Breast cancer risk in relation to occupations with exposure to carcinogens and endocrine disruptors: a Canadian case-control study’, Environmental Health, 11:87.

. Rochon Ford (2014).

. .

. Phillips, Ann M. (2014), ‘Wonderings on Pollution and Women’s Health’, in Scott, Dayna Nadine (ed.), Our Chemical Selves: Gender, Toxics, and Environmental Health, Vancouver.

. Scott, Dayna Nadine and Lewis, Sarah (2014), ‘Sex and Gender in Canada’s Chemicals Management Plan’, in Scott, Dayna Nadine (ed.), Our Chemical Selves: Gender, Toxics, and Environmental Health, Vancouver.

. Rochon Ford (2014).

. Scott and Lewis (2014).

. Rochon Ford (2014).

. Scott and Lewis (2014).

. Там же.

. Rochon Ford (2014).

. Scott and Lewis (2014).

. Breast Cancer and Occupation: The Need for Action: APHA Policy Statement Number 20146, Issued November 18, 2014’, NEW SOLUTIONS: A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy.

. Rochon Ford (2014).

. Brophy et al. (2012).

. Breast Cancer and Occupation: The Need for Action: APHA Policy Statement Number 20146, Issued November 18, 2014’, NEW SOLUTIONS: A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy.

. .

. Rochon Ford (2014); Brophy et al. (2012); Scott and Lewis (2014).

. Scott and Lewis (2014).

. Brophy et al. (2012).

. Scott and Lewis (2014).

. .

. ‘Designing Tools and Agricultural Equipment for Women’, poster produced by Aaron M. Yoder, Ann M. Adams and Elizabeth A. Brensinger, for 2014 Women in Agriculture Educators National Conference.

. .

. Myles, Kimberly and Binseel, Mary S. (2007), ‘The Tactile Modality: A Review of Tactile Sensitivity and Human Tactile Interfaces’, Army Research Laboratory.

. .

. Laperriere, Eve, Messing, Karen and Bourbonnais, Renee (2017), ‘Work activity in food service: The significance of customer relations, tipping practices and gender for preventing musculoskeletal disorders’, Applied Ergonomics, 58, 89–101.

. Friedl, Karl E. (2012), ‘Military Quantitative Physiology: Problems and Concepts in Military Operational Medicine’, Office of the Surgeon General, Department of the Army, United States of America; Knapik, Joseph and Reynolds, Katy (2012), ‘Load Carriage in Military Operations A Review of Historical, Physiological, Biomechanical, and Medical Aspects’, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, US Army Medical Department Center & School.

. .

. Там же.

. .

. Там же.

. .

Глава 6

. Vogel, Sarah A. (2009), The Politics of Plastics: The Making and Unmaking of Bisphenol A ‘Safety’, American Journal of Public Health. 99:3, 559–566.

. .

. Vogel, Sarah A. (2009).

. Там же.

. ; ‘Breast Cancer and Occupation: The Need for Action: APHA Policy Statement Number 20146, Issued November 18, 2014’, NEW SOLUTIONS: A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy.

. Vogel, Sarah A. (2009).

. .

. Best, Kathinka, Sinell, Anna, Heidingsfelder, Marie Lena and Schraudner, Martina (2016), ‘The gender dimension in knowledge and technology transfer — the German case’, European Journal of Innovation Management, 19:1, 2–25.

. A. Hellum and H. Aasen (eds.) (2013), Women’s Human Rights: CEDAW in International, Regional and National Law (Studies on Human Rights Conventions) (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge).

. .

. TUC (2017), ‘The gig is up’, .

. Rubery, Jill, Grimshaw, Damian and Figueiredo, Hugo (2005), ‘How to close the gender pay gap in Europe: towards the gender mainstreaming of pay policy’, Industrial Relations Journal, 36:3, 184–213.

. .

. Там же.

. .

. Там же.

. .

. ; .

. .

. Brophy, James T., Keith, Margaret M. and Hurley, Michael (2018), ‘Assaulted and Unheard: Violence Against Healthcare Staff’, NEW SOLUTIONS: A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy, 27:4, 581–606.

. Там же.

. ; ; ; ; ; ; ; .

. ; ; .

. .

. ; .

Глава 7

. .

. Там же.

. Sağiroğlu, İsa, Kurt, Cem, Omurlu, İmran Kurt and Catikkaş, Fatih (2017), ‘Does Hand Grip Strength Change With Gender? The Traditional Method vs. the Allometric Normalisation Method’, European Journal of Physical Education and Sports Science, 2:6, 84–93.

. Leyk, D., Gorges, W., Ridder, D., Wunderlich, M., Ruther, T., Sievert, A. and Essfeld, D. (2007), ‘Hand-grip strength of young men, women and highly trained female athletes’, European Journal of Applied Physiology, 99, 415–21.

. Lewis, D. A., Kamon, E. and Hodgson, J. L. (1986), ‘Physiological Differences Between Genders Implications for Sports Conditioning’, Sports Medicine, 3, 357–69; Rice, Valerie J. B., Sharp, Marilyn A., Tharion, William J. and Williamson, Tania L. (1996), ‘The effects of gender, team size, and a shoulder harness on a stretcher-carry task and post-carry performance. Part II. A mass-casualty simulation’, International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 18, 41–9; Miller, A. E., MacDougall, J. D., Tarnopolsky, M. A. and Sale, D. G. (1993), ‘Gender differences in strength and muscle fiber characteristic’, European Journal of Applied Physiology, 66:3, 254–62.

. Lewis et al. (1986).

. Zellers, Kerith K. and Hallbeck, M. Susan (1995), ‘The Effects of Gender, Wrist and Forearm Position on Maximum Isometric Power Grasp Force, Wrist Force, and their Interactions’, Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 39:10, 543–7; Bishu, Ram R., Bronkema, Lisa A, Garcia, Dishayne, Klute, Glenn and Rajulu, Sudhakar (1994), ‘Tactility as a function of Grasp force: effects of glove, orientation, pressure, load and handle’, NASA technical paper 3474 May 1994; Puh, Urška (2010), ‘Age-related and sex-related differences in hand and pinch grip strength in adults’, International Journal of Rehabilitation Research, 33:1.

. .

. Leyk et al. (2007).

. Alesina, Alberto F., Giuliano, Paola and Nunn, Nathan (2011), ‘On the Origins of Gender Roles: Women and the Plough’, Working Paper 17098, National Bureau of Economic Research (May 2011).

. Там же.

. Gella, A. A., Tadele, Getnet (2014), ‘Gender and farming in Ethiopia: an exploration of discourses and implications for policy and research’, FAC Working Paper, Future Agricultures, 84:15.

. ; ; ; .

. Doss, Cheryl (2011), ‘If women hold up half the sky, how much of the world’s food do they produce?’, ESA Working Paper No. 11, Agricultural Development Economics Division, FAO.

. World Bank (2014), ‘Levelling the Field: Improving Opportunities for Women Farmers in Africa’.

. .

. Там же.

. .

. Doss (2011).

. Petrics, H. et al. (2015), ‘Enhancing the potential of family farming for poverty reduction and food security through gender-sensitive rural advisory services’, UN/FAO.

. Там же.

. : «Некоторые получаемые нами заявки на гранты не учитывают гендерных различий и положительных и отрицательных последствий реализации предлагаемых инициатив в области сельского хозяйства на мужчин и женщин».

. .

. Petrics et al. (2015).

. .

. Doss (2011).

. .

. Crewe, Emma et al. (2015), ‘Building a Better Stove: The Sri Lanka Experience’, Practical Action, Sri Lanka.

. .

. Там же.

. Там же; .

. .

. Crewe, Emma (1997), ‘The Silent Traditions of Developing Cooks’, in R. D. Grillo and R. L. Stirrat (eds.), Discourses of Development, Oxford.

. Там же.

. .

. Fatema, Naureen (2005), ‘The Impact of Structural Gender Differences and its Consequences on Access to Energy in Rural Bangladesh’, Asia Sustainable and Alternative Energy Program (ASTAE), Energy Wing of the World Bank Group.

. Crewe (1997), in Grillo and Stirrat (eds.).

. .

. Crewe (1997), in Grillo and Stirrat (eds.).

. .

. Petrics et al. (2015).

. .

. Parigi, Fabio, Viscio, Michele Del, Amicabile, Simone, Testi, Matteo, Rao, Sailesh, Udaykumar, H. S. (2016), ‘High efficient Mewar Angithi stove testing in rural Kenya’, 7th International Renewable Energy Congress (IREC).

. .

Глава 8

. ; ; Boyle, Rhonda and Boyle, Robin (2009), ‘Hand Size and the Piano Keyboard. Literature Review and aSurvey of the Technical and Musical Benefits for Pianists using Reduced-Size Keyboards in North America’, 9th Australasian Piano Pedagogy Conference, Sydney; Boyle, Rhonda, Boyle, Robin and Booker, Erica (2015), ‘Pianist Hand Spans: Gender and Ethnic Differences and Implications For Piano Playing, 15th Australasian Piano Pedagogy Conference, Melbourne 2015.

. Boyle, Boyle and Booker (2015); Boyle and Boyle (2009).

. Boyle, Boyle and Booker (2015).

. Там же.

. .

. ‘Small hands? Try this Keyboard, You’ll Like It’, Piano & Keyboard Magazine (July/August 1998).

. Boyle, Boyle and Booker (2015).

. .

. Там же.

. ; ; .

. .

. American Roentgen Ray Society (2007), ‘Voice Recognition Systems Seem To Make More Errors With Women’s Dictation’, ScienceDaily, 6 May 2007; Rodger, James A. and Pendharkar, Parag C. (2007), ‘A field study of database communication issues peculiar to users of a voice activated medical tracking application’, Decision Support Systems, 43:1 (1 February 2007), 168–80, .

. American Roentgen Ray Society (2007).

. .

. ; ; .

. .

. Например, he («он») = 633 413, she («она») = 350 294, himself («сам») = 28 696, herself («сама») = 15 751.

. He («он») = 3 825 660, she («она») = 2 002 536, himself («сам») = 140 087, herself («сама») = 70 509.

. Chang, K., Ordonez, V., Wang, T., Yatskar, M. and Zhao, J. (2017), ‘Men Also Like Shopping: Reducing Gender Bias Amplification using Corpus-level Constraints’, CoRR, abs/1707.09457.

. .

. Caliskan, A., Bryson, J. J. and Narayanan, A. (2017), ‘Semantics derived automatically from language corpora contain human-like biases’, Science, 356:6334, 183–6, .

. Bolukbasi, Tolga, Chang, Kai-Wei, Zou, James, Saligrama, Venkatesh and Kalai, Adam (2016), ‘Man is to Computer Programmer as Woman is to Homemaker? Debiasing Word Embeddings’, 30th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NIPS 2016), Barcelona, .

. Chang et al. (2017).

. .

. Bolukbasi et al. (2016).

Глава 9

. .

. Там же.

. .

. Там же.

. .

. ; ; ; .

. .

. Lupton, Deborah (2015), ‘Quantified sex: a critical analysis of sexual and reproductive self-tracking using apps’, Culture, Health & Sexuality, 17:4.

. Nelson, M. Benjamin, Kaminsky, Leonard A., D. Dickin, Clark and Montoye, Alexander H. K. (2016), ‘Validity of Consumer-Based Physical Activity Monitors for Specific Activity Types’, Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 48:8, 1619–28.

. Murakami, H, Kawakami, R., Nakae, S., Nakata, Y., Ishikawa-Takata, K., Tanaka, S. and Miyachi, M. (2016), ‘Accuracy of Wearable Devices for Estimating Total Energy Expenditure: Comparison With Metabolic Chamber and Doubly Labeled Water Method’, JAMA Internal Medicine, 176:5, 702–3.

. .

. Wolfson, Leslie, Whipple, Robert, Derby, Carl A., Amerman, Paula and Nashner, Lewis (1994), Gender Differences in the Balance of Healthy Elderly as Demonstrated by Dynamic Posturography, Journal of Gerontology, 49:4, 160–167; Stevens, J. A. and Sogolow, E. D. (2005), ‘Gender differences for non-fatal unintentional fall related injuries among older adults’, Injury Prevention, 11, 115–19.

. Там же.

. .

. Chang, Vicky C. and Minh, T. (2015), ‘Risk Factors for Falls Among Seniors: Implications of Gender’, American Journal of Epidemiology, 181:7, 521–31.

. Yin, Hujun et al eds. (2016) Intelligent Data Engineering and Automated Learning, Proceedings of the 17th International Conference, Yangzhou China.

. .

. Там же.

. .

. Gendered Innovations: How Gender Analysis Contributes to Research’ (2013), report of the Expert Group ‘Innovation Through Gender’ (chairperson: Londa Schiebinger, rapporteur: Ineke Klinge), Directorate General for Research and Innovation, Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.

. .

. Там же.

. .

. Linder, Astrid and Svedberg, Wanna (2018), ‘Occupant Safety Assessment in European Regulatory Tests: Review of Occupant Models, Gaps and Suggestion for Bridging Any Gaps’, conference paper, ‘Road Safety on Five Continents’ South Korea, May 2018.

. .

. Linder and Svedberg (2018).

. United States Government Publishing Office, ‘U.S. Code of Federal Regulations. 2011. 49 CFR U, -2RE Side Impact Crash Test Dummy, 50th Percentile Adult Male’. .

. Linder and Svedberg (2018).

. .

. ; Londa Schiebinger and Martina Schraudner (2011), ‘Interdisciplinary Approaches to Achieving Gendered Innovations in Science, Medicine, and Engineering’, Interdisciplinary Science Reviews, 36:2 (June 2011), 154–67.

. .

. ‘Gendered Innovations: How Gender Analysis Contributes to Research’ (2013).

. .

. ‘Gendered Innovations: How Gender Analysis Contributes to Research’ (2013).

. ; .

. .

Глава 10

. Marts, Sherry A. and Keitt, Sarah (2004), ‘Principles of Sex-based Differences in Physiology: Foreword: a historical overview of advocacy for research in sex based biology’, Advances in Molecular and Cell Biology, 34, 1–333.

. Поиск в Medline, крупнейшей американской базе данных статей по медицине, показывает, что «мужская» норма сохраняется до сих пор, — как практические руководства для врачей, так и исследования в области медицины часто ориентированы на среднестатистического мужчину весом 70 кг. Marts and Keitt (2004).

. С. 17–18.

. Plataforma SINC (2008), ‘Medical Textbooks Use White, Heterosexual Men As A ‘Universal Model’, ScienceDaily, .

. Dijkstra, A. F, Verdonk, P. and Lagro-Janssen, A. L. M. (2008), ‘Gender bias in medical textbooks: examples from coronary heart disease, depression, alcohol abuse and pharmacology’, Medical Education, 42:10, 1021–8.

. .

. Dijkstra et al. (2008).

. Henrich, Janet B. and Viscoli, Catherine M. (2006), ‘What Do Medical Schools Teach about Women’s Health and Gender Differences?’ Academic Medicine, 81:5.

. Song, Michael M. Jones, Betsy G. and Casanova, Robert A. (2016), ‘Auditing sex- and gender-based medicine (SGBM) content in medical school curriculum: a student scholar model’, Biology of Sex Differences, 7: Suppl. 1, 40.

. Marts and Keitt (2004).

. Karp, Natasha A. et al (2017), ‘Prevalence of sexual dimorphism in mammalian phenotypic traits’, Nature Communications, 8:15475.

. Martha L. Blair (2007), ‘Sex-based differences in physiology: what should we teach in the medical curriculum?’, Advanced Physiological Education, 31, 23–5.

. Там же.

. .

. Там же.

. .

. Там же.

. .

. Clayton, Janine Austin (2015), ‘Studying both sexes: a guiding principle for biomedicine’, .

. Там же.

. .

. Holdcroft, Anita, Snidvongs, Saowarat and Berkley, Karen J. (2011), ‘Incorporating Gender and Sex Dimensions in Medical Research’, Interdisciplinary Science Reviews, 36:2, 180–92.

. Gender and Health Knowledge Agenda’, May 2015, ZonMw, Netherlands, .

. Pollitzer, Elizabeth (2013), ‘Cell sex matters’, Nature, 500, 23–24.

. Londa Schiebinger (2014), ‘Gendered innovations: harnessing the creative power of sex and gender analysis to discover new ideas and develop new technologies’, Triple Helix, 1:9.

. Cristiana Vitale et al. (2017), ‘Under-representation of elderly and women in clinical trials’, International Journal of Cardiology, 232, 216–21.

. The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation (2014), ‘Women and HIV/AIDS in the United States’; women also experience different clinical symptoms and complications due to HIV disease.

. .

. Curno, Mirjam J. et al. (2016), ‘A Systematic Review of the Inclusion (or Exclusion) of Women in HIV Research: From Clinical Studies of Antiretrovirals and Vaccines to Cure Strategies’, Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, 1:71(2) (February 2016), 181–8.

. .

. Там же.

. Hughes, Robert N. (2007), ‘Sex does matter: comments on the prevalence of male-only investigations of drug effects on rodent behaviour’, Behavioural Pharmacology, 18:7, 583–9.

. .

. Marts and Keitt (2004).

. .

. R. D. Fields (2014), ‘Vive la difference requiring medical researchers to test males and females in every experiment sounds reasonable, but it is a bad idea’, Scientific American, 311, 14.

. Richardson, S. S., Reiches, M., Shattuck-Heidorn, H., LaBonte, M. L. and Consoli, T. (2015), ‘Opinion: focus on preclinical sex differences will not address women’s and men’s health disparities’, Proceedings of the National Academy of Science, 112, 13419–20.

. Holdcroft, Anita (2007) ‘Gender bias in research: how does it affect evidence based medicine?’, Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 100.

. Ibarra, Manuel, Vazquez, Marta and Fagiolino, Pietro (2017), ‘Sex Effect on Average Bioequivalence’, Clinical Therapeutics, 39:1, 23–33.

. Mergaert, Lut and Lombardo, Emanuela (2014), ‘Resistance to implementing gender mainstreaming in EU research policy’, in Weiner, Elaine and MacRae, Heather (eds.), ‘The persistent invisibility of gender in EU policy’, European Integration online Papers (EIoP), special issue 1, Vol. 18, Article 5, 1–21.

. Там же.

. Hughes (2007).

. Pinnow, Ellen, Herz, Naomi, Loyo-Berrios, Nilsa and Tarver, Michelle (2014), ‘Enrollment and Monitoring of Women in Post-Approval Studies for Medical Devices Mandated by the Food and Drug Adminstration’, Journal of Women’s Health, 23:3 (March 2014), 218–23.

. .

. Labots, G., Jones, A., Visser, S. J. de, Rissmann, R. and Burggraaf, J. (2018), ‘Gender differences in clinical registration trials: is there a real problem?’, British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology.

. McGregor, Alyson J. (2017), ‘The Effects of Sex and Gender on Pharmacologic Toxicity: Implications for Clinical Therapy’, Clinical Therapeutics, 39:1.

. Там же.

. Bruinvels, G. et al. (2016), ‘Sport, exercise and the menstrual cycle: where is the research?’, British Journal of Sports Medicine, 51:6, 487–488.

. Zopf, Y. et al. (2008), ‘Women encounter ADRs more often than do men’, European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 64:999.

. .

. Soldin, Offie P., Chung, Sarah H. and Mattison, Donald R. (2011), ‘Sex Differences in Drug Disposition’, Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, 2011:187103; Anderson, Gail D. (2005), ‘Sex And Racial Differences In Pharmacological Response: Where Is The Evidence? Pharmacogenetics, Pharmacokinetics, and Pharmacodynamics’, Journal of Women’s Health, 14:1, .

. Anderson (2005).

. Hughes (2007).

. Yoon, Dustin Y. et al. (2014), ‘Sex bias exists in basic science and translational surgical research’, Surgery, 156:3, 508–16.

. .

. Yoon et al. (2014).

. Karp (2017).

. Hughes (2007).

. Yoon et al. (2014).

. Там же.

. Ortona, Elena, Delunardo, Federica, Baggio, Giovannella and Malorni, Walter (2016), ‘A sex and gender perspective in medicine: A new Mandatory Challenge For Human Health’, Ann Ist Super Sanitа, 52:2, 146–8.

. J. Peretz et al. (2016), ‘Estrogenic compounds reduce influenza A virus in primary human nasal epithelial cells derived from female, but not male, donors’, American Journal of Physiology, 310:5, 415–425.

. .

. Anderson (2005); Whitley, Heather P. and Lindsey, Wesley (2009), ‘Sex-Based Differences in Drug Activity’, American Family Physician, 80:11 (December 2009), 1254–8.

. .

. ; ; Howard, Louise M., Ehrlich, Anna M., Gamlen, Freya and Oram, Sian (2017), ‘Gender-neutral mental health research is sex and gender biased’, Lancet Psychiatry, 4:1, 9–11.

. Marts and Keitt (2004).

. Parekh, A., Sanhai, W., Marts, S. and Uhl, K. (2007), ‘Advancing women’s health via FDA Critical Path Initiative’, Drug Discovery Today: Technologies, 4:2.

. .

. Yoon et al. (2014).

. .

. Devries, Michaela C. (2016), ‘Sex-based differences in endurance exercise muscle metabolism: impact on exercise and nutritional strategies to optimize health and performance in women’, Experimental Physiology, 101:2, 243–9.

. Schiebinger (2014).

. Zusterzeel, R. et al. (2014), ‘Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in Women: US Food and Drug Administration Meta-analysis of Patient-Level Data’, JAMA Internal Medicine, 174:8, 1340–8.

. Woodruff, Teresa K. (2014), ‘Sex, equity, and science’, PNAS, 111:14, 5,063–4.

. Nowak, Bernd et al. (2010), ‘Do gender differences exist in pacemaker implantation?–results of an obligatory external quality control program’, Europace, 12, 210–15.

. .

. Sardeli, Amanda Veiga and Chacon-Mikahil, Mara Patricia T. (2016), ‘Exercise-Induced Increase as a Risk Factor for Central Arterial Stiffness’, Journal of Archives in Military Medicine; ; ; .

. Collier, Scott R. (2008), ‘Sex Differences in the Effects of Aerobic and Anaerobic Exercise on Blood Pressure and Arterial Stiffness’, Gender Medicine, 5:2.

. Там же.

. Devries (2016).

. Tarnopolsky, M. A. (2008), ‘Sex Differences in Exercise Metabolism and the Role of 17-Beta Estradiol’, Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 40:4, 648–54.

. Dick, R. W. (2009), ‘Is there a gender difference in concussion incidence and outcomes?’, British Journal of Sports Medicine, 43, Suppl. I, i46–i50, DOI: 10.1136/bjsm.2009.058172.

. .

. Hunter, Sandra K. (2016), ‘Sex differences in fatigability of dynamic contractions’, Experimental Physiology, 101:2, 250–5.

. Jutte, Lisa S., Hawkins, Jeremy, Miller, Kevin C., Long, Blaine C. and Knight, Kenneth L. (2012), ‘Skinfold Thickness at 8 Common Cryotherapy Sites in Various Athletic Populations’, Journal of Athletic Training, 47:2, 170–7.

. Costello, Joseph T., Bieuzen, Francois and Bleakley, Chris M. (2014), ‘Where are all the female participants in Sports and Exercise Medicine research?’, European Journal of Sport Science, 14:8, 847–51; .

. Faulkner, S. H., Jackson, S., Fatania, G. and Leicht, C. A. (2017), ‘The effect of passive heating on heat shock protein 70 and interleukin-6: A possible treatment tool for metabolic diseases?’, Temperature, 4, 1–13.

. ; .

. Gender and Health Knowledge Agenda’, May 2015 (ZonMw, Netherlands); ; Dallongeville, J. et al. (2010), ‘Gender differences in the implementation of cardiovascular prevention measures after an acute coronary event’, Heart, 96, 1744–9.

. Gender and Health Knowledge Agenda’, May 2015 (ZonMw, Netherlands).

. .

. Yoon et al. (2014).

. Rees, Teresa (2011), ‘The Gendered Construction of Scientific Excellence’, Interdisciplinary Science Reviews, 36:2, 133–45.

. Howard, Ehrlich, Gamlen and Oram (2017).

. Holdcroft (2007).

. Там же.

. Marts and Keitt (2004).

. .

. Ortona, Delunardo, Baggio and Malorni (2016).

. .

. Там же.

. Gender and Health Knowledge Agenda’, May 2015 (ZonMw, Netherlands).

. .

. Там же.

. .

. Pollitzer (2013).

. .

. Whitley and Lindsey (2009).

. .

. Tharpe, N. (2011), ‘Adverse Drug Reactions in Women’s Health Care’, Journal of Midwifery & Women’s Health, 56, 205–13.

. .

. Marts and Keitt (2004).

. Carey, Jennifer L. et al. (2017), ‘Drugs and Medical Devices: Adverse Events and the Impact on Women’s Health’, Clinical Therapeutics, 39:1.

. Yoon et al. (2014).

. ‘Gender and Health Knowledge Agenda’, May 2015 (ZonMw, Netherlands) 134 .

. .

. Там же.

. Anderson (2005).

. Wang, Lishi et al. (2017), ‘Sex Differences in Hazard Ratio During Drug Treatment of Non-small-cell Lung Cancer in Major Clinical Trials: A Focused Data Review and Meta-analysis’, Clinical Therapeutics, 39:1.

. Ibarra, Vazquez and Fagiolino (2017).

. Whitley and Lindsey (2009).

. Там же.

Глава 11

. ; .

. .

. Ridker, Paul M. et al. (2005), ‘A Randomized Trial of Low-Dose Aspirin in the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Women’, New England Journal of Medicine, 352, 1293–304.

. Johannes, A. N. et al. (2011), ‘Aspirin for primary prevention of vascular events in women: individualized prediction of treatment effects’, European Heart Journal, 32:23, 2962–9.

. Kruijsdijk, R. C. M. van et al. (2015), ‘Individualised prediction of alternateday aspirin treatment effects on the combined risk of cancer, cardiovascular disease and gastrointestinal bleeding in healthy women’, Heart, 101, 369–76.

. Wu, J. et al. (2016), ‘Impact of initial hospital diagnosis on mortality for acute myocardial infarction: A national cohort study’, European Heart Journal, 7:2.

. .

. Там же.

. Yoon et al. (2014).

. .

. , 2016, March.

. Опубликовано в сети 24 июня 2016 г.

. , 2016, March.

. Motiwala, Shweta R., Sarma, Amy, Januzzi, James L. and O’Donoghue, Michelle L. (2014), ‘Biomarkers in ACS and Heart Failure: Should Men and Women Be Interpreted Differently?’, Clinical Chemistry, 60:1.

. ‘Gender and Health Knowledge Agenda’, May 2015 (ZonMw, Netherlands).

. .

. Там же.

. ‘Gender and Health Knowledge Agenda’, May 2015 (ZonMw, Netherlands).

. Schiebinger, Londa (2014), ‘Gendered innovations: harnessing the creative power of sex and gender analysis to discover new ideas and develop new technologies’, Triple Helix, 1:9.

. Sakalihasan, N., Limet, R. and Defawe, O. D. (2005), ‘Abdominal aortic aneurysm’, Lancet, 365, 1577–89.

. ‘Gender and Health Knowledge Agenda’, May 2015 (ZonMw, Netherlands).

. .

. Там же.

. .

. United Nations Development Programme (2015), Discussion Paper: Gender and Tuberculosis.

. ACTION (Advocacy to Control TB Internationally), ‘Women and Tuberculosis: Taking a Look at a Neglected Issue’, ACTION, Washington DC, 2010.

. Там же.

. United Nations Development Programme (2015), Discussion Paper: Gender and Tuberculosis.

. ACTION (Advocacy to Control TB Internationally), ‘Women and Tuberculosis: Taking a Look at a Neglected Issue’, ACTION, Washington DC, 2010.

. Там же; United Nations Development Programme (2015), Discussion Paper: Gender and Tuberculosis.

. ACTION (Advocacy to Control TB Internationally), ‘Women and Tuberculosis: Taking a Look at a Neglected Issue’, ACTION, Washington DC, 2010; United Nations Development Programme (2015), Discussion Paper: Gender and Tuberculosis.

. .

. ACTION (Advocacy to Control TB Internationally), ‘Women and Tuberculosis: Taking a Look at a Neglected Issue’, ACTION, Washington DC, 2010.

. United Nations Development Programme (2015), Discussion Paper: Gender and Tuberculosis.

. ACTION (Advocacy to Control TB Internationally), ‘Women and Tuberculosis: Taking a Look at a Neglected Issue’, ACTION, Washington DC, 2010.

. Schiebinger (2014).

. .

. Hoffman, Diane E. and Tarzian, Anita J. (2001), ‘The Girl Who Cried Pain: A Bias Against Women in the Treatment of Pain’, Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics, 29, 13–27.

. .

. Showalter, Elaine (1985) The Female Malady: Women, Madness and English Culture 1830–1980, London 1987.

. .

. Hoffman and Tarzian (2001).

. Fillingim, R. B., King, C. D., Ribeiro-Dasilva, M. C., Rahim-Williams, B. and Riley, J. L. (2009), ‘Sex, Gender, and Pain: A Review of Recent Clinical and Experimental Findings’, Journal of Pain: Official Journal of the American Pain Society, 10:5, 447–85.

. .

. Greenspan, Joel D. et al. (2007), ‘Studying sex and gender differences in pain and analgesia: A consensus report’, Pain, 132, S26–S45.

. Hoffmann and Tarzian (2001).

. Clayton, Janine Austin (2016), ‘Studying both sexes: a guiding principle for biomedicine’, The FASEB Journal, 30:2, 519–524.

. .

. Там же.

. .

. Kindig, David A. and Cheng, Erika R. (2013), ‘Even As Mortality Fell In Most US Counties, Female Mortality Nonetheless Rose In 42.8 Percent Of Counties From 1992 To 2006’, Health Affairs, 32:3, 451–8.

. ‘Gender and Health Knowledge Agenda’, May 2015 (ZonMw, Netherlands).

. .

. Там же.

. .

. Там же.

. .

. Dmitrovic, R., Kunselman, A. R. and Legro, R. S. (2013), ‘Sildenafil citrate in the treatment of pain in primary dysmenorrhea: a randomized controlled trial’, Human Reproduction, 28:11, 2958–65.

. .

Глава 12

. .

. Там же.

. Sanchez de Madariaga, Ines, ‘Mobility of Care: Introducing New Concepts in Urban Transport’, in Marion Roberts and Ines Sanchez de Madariaga (eds.) (2013), Fair Shared Cities: The Impact of Gender Planning in Europe, Farnham.

. .

. В докладе ОЭСР 2017 г., посвященном социальным показателям, есть глава о неоплачиваемой работе, но в следующих докладах подобные разделы отсутствуют. .

. .

. Himmelweit, Susan (2002), ‘Making Visible the Hidden Economy: The Case for Gender-Impact Analysis of Economic Policy’, Feminist Economics, 8:1, 49–70, .

. .

. Там же.

. .

. ; .

. .

. Barsh, Joanna and Yee, Lareina (2011), ‘Unlocking the full potential of women in the U.S. Economy’, McKinsey.

. .

. , accessed 13 March 2018.

. Там же; , accessed 13 March 2018.

. .

. McKinsey (2015), ‘The Power of Parity: how advancing women’s equality can add $12 trillion to global growth’.

. Там же.

. .

. Himmelweit (2002).

. .

. Там же.

. .

. Там же.

. .

. Там же.

. .

. Там же.

. .

. Kim, Kijong and Antonopoulos, Rania (2011), ‘Working Paper No. 691: Unpaid and Paid Care: The Effects of Child Care and Elder Care on the Standard of Living’, Levy Economics Institute of Bard College.

. Там же.

. .

. Там же.

. .

. Там же.

. .

. Там же.

. .

. ; .

. .

Глава 13

. .

. ; .

. ; ; ; ; ; .

. .

. Следует пояснить, как определяется, кто глава семьи, мужчина или женщина. Это зависит от того, к какому полу принадлежат другие члены семьи. В семьях, где глава — мужчина, обычно имеются взрослые женщины. В семьях же, главами которых являются женщины, часто просто нет взрослых мужчин. Собственно, только в этом случае женщина по определению и может быть главой семьи.

. Lundberg, Shelly J., Pollak, Robert A. and Wales, Terence J. (1997), ‘Do Husbands and Wives Pool Their Resources? Evidence from the United Kingdom Child Benefit’, Journal of Human Resources, 32:3, 463–80, .

. ; .

. ; ; Francois Bourguignon, Martin Browning, Pierre-Andre Chiappori and Valerie Lechene (1993), ‘Intra Household Allocation of Consumption: A Model and Some Evidence from French Data’, Annales d’Economie et de Statistique, 29, Progres recents en theorie du consommateur / Recent Advances in Economic Theory, 137–56; .

. .

. Там же.

. Gauff, Tonya Major (2009), ‘Eliminating the Secondary Earner Bias: Lessons from Malaysia, the United Kingdom, and Ireland’, Northwestern Journal of Law and Social Policy, 4:2.

. European Parliament (2017), Gender Equality and Taxation in the European Union, .

. Andrienko, Yuri, Apps, Patricia and Rees, Ray (2014), ‘Gender Bias in Tax Systems Based on Household Income’, Discussion Paper, Institute for the Study of Labor.

. .

. European Parliament (2017), Gender Equality and Taxation in the European Union, .

. Там же.

. Institute of Development Studies (2016), ‘Redistributing Unpaid Care Work — Why Tax Matters for Women’s Rights’.

. .

. Там же.

. Institute of Development Studies (2016), ‘Redistributing Unpaid Care Work — Why Tax Matters for Women’s Rights’ 36, .

. .

. Institute of Development Studies (2016), ‘Redistributing Unpaid Care Work — Why Tax Matters for Women’s Rights’.

. European Parliament (2017), Gender Equality and Taxation in the European Union.

Глава 14

. .

. Австралия, Австрия, Бельгия, Канада, Дания, Финляндия, Франция, Греция, Ирландия, Италия, Нидерланды, Новая Зеландия, Норвегия, Португалия, Испания, Швеция, Швейцария, Великобритания и США.

. .

. Cikara, Mina and Fiske, Susan T. (2009), ‘Warmth, competence, and ambivalent sexism: Vertical assault and collateral damage’, in Barreto, Manuela, Ryan, Michelle K. and Schmitt, Michael T. (eds.), The glass ceiling in the 21st century: Understanding barriers to gender equality, Washington.

. .

. Hekman, David, Johnson, Stefanie, Foo, Maw-Der and Yang, Wei (2017), ‘Does Diversity-Valuing Behavior Result in Diminished Performance Ratings for Non-White and Female Leaders?’, Academy of Management Journal, 60:2, 771.

. .

. Diana Z. O’Brien and Johanna Rickne (2016), ‘Gender Quotas and Women’s Political Leadership’, American Political Science Review, 110:1 (February 2016), 112–26.

. .

. Там же.

. .

. Yoon, J. and Shin, K. (2015), ‘Mixed effects of legislative quotas in South Korea’, Politics & Gender, 11:1, 186–95.

. O’Brien and Rickne (2016).

. .

. Castillejo, Clare (2016), ‘Women political leaders and peacebuilding’, .

. .

. Castillejo (2016).

. .

. Hancock, Adrienne B., Rubin, Benjamin A. (2015), ‘Influence of Communication Partner’s Gender on Language’, Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 34:1, 46–64.

. .

. Там же.

. .

. O’Brien and Rickne (2016).

. Там же.

. .

. Kanthak, Kristin and Krause, George A. (2012), The Diversity Paradox: Political Parties, Legislatures, and the Organizational Foundations of Representation in America, New York.

. O’Brien and Rickne (2016).

. Kanthak and Krause (2012). Как только женщины получают большинство, мужчины отступают.

. Wittmer, Dana and Bouche, Vanessa (2010), ‘The Limits of Gendered Leader ship: The Public Policy Implications of Female Leadership on Women’s Issues’, The Limits of Gendered Issues, APSA 2010 Annual Meeting Paper.

. .

. Jacobi, Tonja and Schweers, Dylan (2017), ‘Justice, Interrupted: The Effect of Gender, Ideology and Seniority at Supreme Court Oral Arguments’ (14 March 2017), Virginia Law Review, 1379, Northwestern Law & Econ Research Paper No. 17–03.

. .

. Tali Mendelberg, a Princeton University professor who is co-author of The Silent Sex: Gender, Deliberation and Institutions, .

. .

. Mendelberg.

. Karpowitz, C., Mendelberg, T. and Shaker, L. (2012) ‘Gender Inequality in Deliberative Participation’, American Political Science Review, 106:3, 533–47.

. .

. ; .

. .

Глава 15

. .

. Murakami-Ramalho, E. and Durodoye, B. (2008), ‘Looking Back to Move Forward: Katrina’s Black Women Survivors Speak’, NWSA Journal, 20(3), 115–37.

. .

. United Nations Security Council (2017) ‘Report of the Secretary-General on women and peace and security’.

. Clare Castillejo (2016), ‘Women political leaders and peacebuilding’, Norwegian Peacebuilding Resource Centre.

. Там же.

. ; O’Reilly, Marie, Suilleabhain, Andrea O and Paffenholz, Thania (2015), ‘Reimagining Peacemaking: Women’s Roles in Peace Processes’, International Peace Institute, New York.

. Castillejo (2016).

. O’Reilly, Suilleabhain and Paffenholz (2015).

Глава 16

. .

. O’Reilly, Marie, Suilleabhain, Andrea O and Paffenholz, Thania (2015), ‘Reimagining Peacemaking: Women’s Roles in Peace Processes,’ International Peace Institute, New York, June 2015, .

. .

. O’Reilly, Suilleabhain and Paffenholz (2015).

. .

. Там же.

. .

. O’Reilly, Suilleabhain and Paffenholz (2015).

. .

. Там же.

. .

. Там же.

. .

. Там же.

. .

. Neumayer, Eric and Plumper, Thomas (2007) ‘The gendered nature of natural disasters: the impact of catastrophic events on the gender gap in life expectancy, 1981–2002’, Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 97:3, 55–66.

. Там же.

. .

. Там же.

. .

. Там же.

. .

. , .

. .

. ; .

. .

. IRIN и Комиссия по делам женщин-беженцев.

. .

. Там же.

. .

. Там же.

. .

. ; .

. ; ; .

. .

. ; .

. .

Послесловие

. .

. Там же.

. .

. Sex Discrimination Law Review (January 2018), .

. .

. Ransby, B. (2006), ‘Katrina, Black Women, and the Deadly Discourse on Black Poverty in America’, Du Bois Review: Social Science Research on Race, 3:1, 215–22, DOI: 10.1017/S1742058X06060140.

. .

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