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Источники

Учебники, используемые во всех главах

В качестве источников информации я использовала множество обычных учебников по эмбриологии, онтогенетике и клеточной биологии. Два самых важных из них:

Moore, K. L., Persaud, T. V. N. & Torchia, M. G. (2016). The developing human: clinically oriented embryology (10th ed. ed.). Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier.

Гилберт С. «Биология развития в трех томах». – Издательство «Мир».

Я настоятельно рекомендую с ними ознакомиться, если вы хотите копнуть немного глубже.

Ниже приведены все остальные использованные мной книги, статьи и учебники, сортированные по главам.

Гонка

Bahat, A., Caplan, S. R., Eisenbach, M. (2012). Thermotaxis of Human Sperm Cells in Extraordinarily Shallow Temperature Gradients Over a Wide Range. PLOS ONE, 7(7), e41915.

Michael, E., Laura, C. G. (2006). Sperm guidance in mammals – an unpaved road to the egg. Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, 7(4), 276.

Vander Ven, H. H., Al-Hasani, S., Diedrich, K., Hamerich, U., Lehmann, F., Krebs, D. (1985). Polyspermy in in vitro fertilization of human oocytes: frequency and possible causes. Ann N Y Acad Sci, 442, 88–95.

Скрытая вселенная

Clift, D., Schuh, M. (2013). Restarting life: fertilisation and the transition from meiosis to mitosis. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol, 14(9), 549–562. doi:10.1038/nrm3643.

Gilbert, S. F., Barresi, J. F. (2016). Developmental biology (11th ed. ed.). Sunderland, Mass: Sinauer Associates. Additional article, Chapter 7: «Anton von Leeuwenhoek and his Perception of Spermatozoa». Доступна на сайте учебников: http://11e.devbio.com/wt070102.html.

Gjersvik, P. (2008). Sædcellen. Tidsskrift for Den norskelegeforening, 3, 128–265.

Harris, H. (2002). Things come to life: spontaneous generation revisited. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Lawrence, C. R. (2008). Preformationism in the Enlightenment. I Embryo Project Encyclopedia. Найдено по адресу: http://embryo.asu.edu/ handle/10776/1926.

Maienschein, J. (2005). Epigenesis and Preformationism. I Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Найдено по адресу: http://plato.stanford.edu/ entries/epigenesis/.

Антони ван Левенгук (1677). Письмо Уильяму Браункеру. № 35, ноябрь 1677. Целиком письмо можно прочитать в голландском и английском переводах на сайте DBNL – De Digitale Bibliotheek voor de Nederlandse Letteren: http://www.dbnl.org/.

Луи Пастер (1864). «О спонтанном поколении». Обращение Луи Пастера на «Научном вечере в Сорбонне». 7 апреля, 1864.

Рецепт человека

Dahm, R. (2005). Friedrich Miescher and the discovery of DNA. Dev Biol, 278(2), 274–288. doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2004.11.028.

O’Connor, C. (2008). Isolating hereditary material: Frederick Griffith, Oswald Avery, Alfred Hershey, and Martha Chase. Nature Education 1(1):105.

Pray, L. (2008). Discovery of DNA structure and function: Watson and Crick. Nature Education 1(1):100.

Вторжение

Bayes – Genis, A., Bellosillo, B., de la Calle, O., Salido, M., Roura, S., Ristol, F. S., Cinca, J. (2005). Identification of male cardiomyocytes of extracardiac origin in the hearts of women with male progeny: male fetal cell microchimerism of the heart. J Heart Lung Transplant, 24(12), 2179–2183. doi:10.1016/j.healun.2005.06.003.

Bianconi, E., Piovesan, A., Facchin, F., Beraudi, A., Casadei, R., Frabetti, F., Canaider, S. (2013). An estimation of the number of cells in the human body. Annals of Human Biology, 40(6), 463–471. doi:10.3109/03014460.2013.807878.

Brosens, J. J., Salker, M. S., Teklenburg, G., Nautiyal, J., Salter, S., Lucas, E. S., Macklon, N. S. (2014). Uterine Selection of Human Embryos at Implantation. Scientific Reports, 4, 3894. doi:10.1038/ srep03894.

Chan, W. F., Gurnot, C., Montine, T. J., Sonnen, J. A., Guthrie, K. A., Nelson, J. L. (2012). Male microchimerism in the human female brain. PLoS One, 7(9), e45592. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0045592.

Felker, G. M., Thompson, R. E., Hare, J. M., Hruban, R. H., Clemetson, D. E., Howard, D. L., Kasper, E. K. (2000). Underlying causes and long – term survival in patients with initially unexplained cardiomyopathy. N Engl J Med, 342(15), 1077–1084. doi:10.1056/ nejm200004133421502.

Gellersen, B., Brosens, J. J. (2014). Cyclic decidualization of the human endometrium in reproductive health and failure. Endocr Rev, 35(6), 851–905. doi:10.1210/er.2014–1045.

Kara, R. J., Bolli, P., Karakikes, I., Matsunaga, I., Tripodi, J., Tanweer, O., Chaudhry, H. W. (2012). Fetal cells traffic to injured maternal myocardium and undergo cardiac differentiation. Circ Res, 110(1), 82–93. doi:10.1161/circresaha.111.249037.

Melford, S. E., Taylor, A. H., Konje, J. C. (2014). Of mice and (wo)men: factors influencing successful implantation including endocannabinoids. Human Reproduction Update, 20(3), 415–428. doi:10.1093/humupd/dmt060.

National Institutes of Health (NIH) History. 2003, deсember). A Timeline of Pregnancy Testing. Найдено по адресу: https://history.nih. gov/exhibits/thinblueline/timeline.html.

Oron, E., Ivanova, N. (2012). Cell fate regulation in early mammalian development. Phys Biol, 9(4), 045002. doi:10.1088/1478– 3975/9/4/045002.

Teklenburg, G., Salker, M., Molokhia, M., Lavery, S., Trew, G., Aojanepong, T., Macklon, N. S. (2010). Natural selection of human embryos: decidualizing endometrial stromal cells serve as sensors of embryo quality upon implantation. PLoS One, 5(4), e10258. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0010258.

Wang, Y., Zhao, S. (2010). Vascular Biology of the Placenta. San Rafael: Morgan & Claypool Life Sciences.

Естественные клоны и неизвестные близнецы

Davies, J. A. (2014). Life Unfolding. How the human body creates itself: Oxford University Press.

Friedman, L. F. (2014).The Stranger-Than-Fiction Story Of A Woman Who Was Her Own Twin. Business Insider. Найдено по адресу: http://www.businessinsider.com/lydia-fairchild-is-her-owntwin-2014-2?r=US&IR=T&IR=T.

Kean, S. (2013). The You in Me. Psychology Today. Найдено по адресу: https://www.psychologytoday.com/articles/201303/theyou-in-me.

Kramer, P., Bressan, P. (2015). Humans as Superorganisms. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 10(4), 464–481. doi:10.1177/ 1745691615583131.

Milo, R., Phillips, R. (2015). Cell Biology by the Numbers: Garland Science. Доступно по адресу: http://book.bionumbers.org/howmany-genes-are-in-a-genome/.

National Human Genome Research Institute. (2016). An Overview of the Human Genome Project. Найдено по адресу: https:// www.genome.gov/12011238/an-overview-of-the-human-genome-project/.

National Human Genome Research Institute. (2016). The Cost of Sequencing a Human Genome. Найдено по адресу: https://www. genome.gov/sequencingcosts/.

O’Shea, K. (2014). Medical mystery: Woman gives birth to children, discovers her twin is actually the biological mother. Philly.com. Найдено по адресу: http://www.philly.com/philly/health/science/Medical_mystery_Woman_gives_birth_to_children_discovers_her_twin_is_actually_the_biological_mother.html.

Robson, D. (2015). Is another human living inside you? BBC Future. Найдено по адресу: http://www.bbc.com/future/story/20150917-is-another-human-living-inside-you.

Tao, X., Chen, X., Yang, X., Tian, J. (2012). Fingerprint Recognition with Identical Twin Fingerprints. PLOS ONE, 7(4), e35704. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0035704.

Van Dijk, B. A., Boomsma, D. I., de Man, A. J. (1996). Blood group chimerism in human multiple births is not rare. Am J Med Genet, 61(3), 264–268. doi:10.1002/(sici)1096–8628(199 60122)61:3<264:aid-ajmg11>3.0.co;2-r.

Контуры тела

Brown, Paul. (1999). Listening to the heart of the ocean. The Guardian. Найдено по адресу: https://www.theguardian.com/science/1999/jul/29/technology.

Fielder, S. E. (2016). Resting Heart Rates. In Merck Veterinary Manual: Merck & Co., Inc.

Hodge, R. (2010). Developmental biology: from a cell to an organism. New York: Facts on File.

Levine, H. J. (1997). Rest heart rate and life expectancy. J Am Coll Cardiol, 30(4), 1104–1106.

Nesheim, Britt-Ingjerd. (2014). Foster. I Store medisinskeleksikon. Найдено по адресу: https://sml.snl.no/foster.

Язык клеток для чайников

Ahmed, A. M. (2002). History of diabetes mellitus. Saudi Med J, 23(4), 373–378.

Eknoyan, G., Nagy, J. (2005). A history of diabetes mellitus or how a disease of the kidneys evolved into a kidney disease. Advances in Chronic Kidney Disease, 12(2), 223–229. doi: https://doi. org/10.1053/j.ackd.2005.01.002.

Vaaler, Stein & Berg, Jens Petter. (2016). Diabetes. I Store medisinskeleksikon. Найдено по адресу: https://sml.snl.no/ diabetes.

Искусство создания плодовой мушки

Carroll, S. B. (2005). Endless forms most beautiful: the new science of evo devo and the making of the animal kingdom. New York: Norton & Co.

Gehring, W. J. (1998). Master control genes in development and evolution: the homeobox story. New Haven: Yale University Press.

Jacob, F., Monod, J. (1961). Genetic regulatory mechanisms in the synthesis of proteins. Journal of Molecular Biology, 3(3), 318–356. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-2836(61) 80072-7.

Jacobson, Brad. (2010). Homeobox Genes and the Homeobox. I Embryo Project Encyclopedia. Taken from http:// embryo.asu.edu/handle/10776/2070.

Laughon, A., Scott, M. P. (1984). Sequence of a Drosophila segmentation gene: protein structure homology with DNA-binding proteins. Nature, 310, 25. doi:10.1038/310025a0.

Lewis, E. B. (1978). A gene complex controlling segmentation in Drosophila. Nature, 276, 565. doi:10.1038/276565a0.

McGinnis, W., Garber, R. L., Wirz, J., Kuroiwa, A., Gehring, W. J. (1984). A homologous protein-coding sequence in drosophila homeotic genes and its conservation in other metazoans. Cell, 37(2), 403–408. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/00928674(84)90370-2.

McGinnis, W., Levine, M. S., Hafen, E., Kuroiwa, A., Gehring, W. J. (1984). A conserved DNA sequence in homoeotic genes of the Drosophila Antennapedia and bithorax complexes. Nature, 308, 428. doi:10.1038/308428a0.

Myers, P. (2008). Hox genes in development: The Hox code. Nature Education 1(1):2.

Nüsslein-Volhard, C. (2006). Coming to life: how genes drive development. San Diego, Calif.: Kales Press.

Wolpert, L. (1991). The Triumph of the embryo. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Наследство из океана

Brooker, R. J. (2011). The Origin and History of Life. I Biology (2nd ed. ed.) (s. 438–458). New York: McGraw-Hill.

Darwin, C., Johansen, K. (2005). On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life. Oslo: Bokklubben.

Shubin, N. (2009). Your Inner Fish: the amazing discovery of our 375-million-year-old ancestor. London: Penguin Books.

Двумя руками «за»

Evensen, Stein A. & Wislø, Finn. (2017). Blod. I Store medisinskeleksikon. Найдено по адресу: https://sml.snl.no/blod.

Kretzschmar, D., Hasan, G., Sharma, S., Heisenberg, M., Benzer, S. (1997). The swiss cheese mutant causes glial hyperwrapping and brain degeneration in Drosophila. J Neurosci, 17(19), 7425–7432.

Lukacsovich, T., Yuge, K., Awano, W., Asztalos, Z., Kondo, S., Juni, N., Yamamoto, D. (2003). The ken and barbie gene encoding a putative transcription factor with a BTB domain and three zinc finger motifs functions in terminalia develoment of Drosophila. Arch Insect Biochem Physiol, 54(2), 77–94. doi:10.1002/arch.10105.

NASA Education. (2004). Bones in Space. Найдено по адресу: http://www.nasa.gov/audience/foreducators/postsecondary/features/F_Bones_in_Space.html.

NASA Science. (2001). Space bones. Найдено по адресу: http://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2001/ ast01oct_1/.

Office of the Surgeon General (US). (2004). Chapter 2, The Basics of Bone in Health and Disease. I Bone Health and Osteoporosis: A Report of the Surgeon General. Rockville (MD). Найдено по адресу: https:// www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK45504/.

Tickle, C., Towers, M. (2017). Sonic Hedgehog Signaling in Limb Development. Front Cell Dev Biol, 5, 14. doi:10.3389/ fcell.2017.00014.

Tran, V. (2017). Muskelogskjelettsystemetsutvikling. Norsk Helseinformatikk 2017. Найдено по адресу: https://nhi.no/familie/graviditet/svangerskap-og-fodsel/fosterutvikling/muskel-og-skjelettsystemets-utvikling/.

Varjosalo, M., Taipale, J. (2008). Hedgehog: functions and mechanisms. Genes Dev, 22(18), 2454–2472. doi:10.1101/gad.1693608.

Пол и морские черви

Berec, L., Schembri, P. J., Boukal, D. S. (2005). Sex Determination in Bonelliaviridis (Echiura: Bonelliidae): Population Dynamics and Evolution. Oikos, 108(3), 473–484.

Gallup Jr, G. G., Finn, M. M., Sammis, B. (2009). On the origin of descended scrotal testicles: The activation hypothesis. Evolutionary Psychology, 7(4), 517–526. doi:10.1177/147470490900700402.

Jost, A., Vigier, B., Prepin, J., Perchellet, J. P. (1973). Studies on sex differentiation in mammals. Recent Prog Horm Res, 29, 1–41.

U.S. National Library of Medicine, Genetics Home Reference. (2010). Ychromosome. Найдено по адресу: https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/chromosome/Y.

Warner, R. R., Swearer, S. E. (1991). Social Control of Sex Change in the Bluehead Wrasse, Thalassomabifasciatum (Pisces: Labridae). The Biological Bulletin, 181(2), 199–204. doi:10.2307/1542090.

Willard, H. F. (2003). Tales of the Y chromosome. Nature, 423(6942), 810–811, 813. doi:10.1038/423810a.

Wilson, C. A., Davies, D. C. (2007). The control of sexual differentiation of the reproductive system and brain. Reproduction, 133(2), 331–359. doi:10.1530/rep-06-0078.

Тайные приготовления

Holck, P. (2017). Nyre. I Store medisinskeleksikon. Найдено по адресу: https://sml.snl.no/nyre.

Saint-Faust, M., Boubred, F., Simeoni, U. (2014). Renal Development and Neonatal Adaptation. Amer J Perinatol. 31:773–780.

Внутренние скитания мозга

Hepper, P. G., Shahidullah, S., White, R. (1991). Handedness in the human foetus. Neuropsychologia, 29(11), 1107–1111.

Hepper, P. G., Wells, D. L., Lynch, C. (2005). Prenatal thumb sucking is related to postnatal handedness. Neuropsychologia, 43(3), 313–315. doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia. 2004.08.009.

Lagercrantz, H., Ringstedt, T. (2001). Organization of the neuronal circuits in the central nervous system during development. Acta Paediatr, 90(7), 707–715.

Linden, D. J. (2007). The accidental mind. Cambridge, Mass: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.

Stiles, J., Jernigan, T. L. (2010). The basics of brain development. Neuropsychol Rev, 20(4), 327–348. doi:10.1007/s11065-010-91484.

Xie, L., Kang, H., Xu, Q., Chen, M. J., Liao, Y., Thiyagarajan, M., Nedergaard, M. (2013). Sleep Drives Metabolite Clearance from the Adult Brain. Science, 342(6156), 373.

Чувства

Besnard, P., Passilly-Degrace, P., Khan, N. A. (2016). Taste of Fat: A Sixth Taste Modality? Physiol Rev, 96(1), 151–176. doi:10.1152/ physrev.00002.2015.

Colombelli-Négrel, D., Hauber, Mark E., Robertson, J., Sulloway, Frank J., Hoi, H., Griggio, M., Kleindorfer, S. (2012). Embryonic Learning of Vocal Passwords in Superb Fairy-Wrens Reveals Intruder Cuckoo Nestlings. Current Biology, 22(22), 2155–2160. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2012.09.025.

De Casper, A. J., Fifer, W. P. (1980). Of human bonding: newborns prefer their mothers’ voices. Science, 208(4448), 1174–1176.

De Casper, A. J., Spence, M. J. (1986). Prenatal maternal speech in uences newborns’ perception of speech sounds. Infant Behavior and Development, 9(2), 133–150. doi: https://doi. org/10.1016/0163-6383(86)90025-1.

Graven, S. N., Browne, J. V. (2008). Auditory Development in the Foetus and Infant. Newborn and Infant Nursing Reviews, 8(4), 187–193. doi: https://doi.org/10.1053/j.nainr.2008.10.010.

Halder, G., Callaerts, P., Gehring, W. J. (1995). Induction of ectopic eyes by targeted expression of the eyeless gene in Drosophila. Science, 267(5205), 1788–1792.

Hepper, P. (2015). Behavior During the Prenatal Period: Adaptive for Development and Survival. Child Development Perspectives, 9(1), 38–43. doi:10.1111/cdep.12104.

Hepper, P. G. (1988). Fetal «soap» addiction. Lancet, 1(8598), 1347–1348.

Katz, L. C., Shatz, C. J. (1996). Synaptic activity and the construction of cortical circuits. Science, 274(5290), 1133–1138.

Lagercrantz, H., Changeux, J.-P. (2009). The Emergence of Human Consciousness: From Fetal to Neonatal Life. Pediatr Res, 65(3), 255–260.

Lecanuet, J.-P., Schaal, B. (1996). Fetal sensory competencies. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, 68(Supplement C), 1–23. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/03012115(96)02509-2.

Mennella, J. A., Jagnow, C. P., Beauchamp, G. K. (2001). Prenatal and Postnatal Flavor Learning by Human Infants. Pediatrics, 107(6), E88–E88.

Quiring, R., Walldorf, U., Kloter, U., Gehring, W. J. (1994). Homology of the eyeless gene of Drosophila to the Small eye gene in mice and Aniridia in humans. Science, 265(5173), 785–789.

Rosner, B. S., Doherty, N. E. (1979). The Response of Neonates to Intra-uterine Sounds. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 21(6), 723–729. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8749.1979.tb01693.x.

Schaal, B., Marlier, L., Soussignan, R. (2000). Human Foetuses Learn Odours from their Pregnant Mother’s Diet. Chemical Senses, 25(6), 729–737. doi:10.1093/chemse/25.6.729.

Webb, A. R., Heller, H. T., Benson, C. B., Lahav, A. (2015). Mother’s voice and heartbeat sounds elicit auditory plasticity in the human brain before full gestation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 112(10), 3152–3157. doi:10.1073/pnas.1414924112.

Волосатое прошлое

Bramble, D. M., Lieberman, D. E. (2004). Endurance running and the evolution of Homo. Nature, 432(7015), 345–352. doi:10.1038/ nature03052.

Jablonski, N. G. (2010). The naked truth. Scientific American, 302(2), 42. doi:10.1038/scienticamerican0210–42.

Lieberman, D. E., Bramble, D. M. (2007). The evolution of marathon running: capabilities in humans. Sports Med, 37(4–5), 288–290.

Pagel, M., Bodmer, W. (2003). A naked ape would have fewer parasites. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences, 270 (Suppl 1), S117.

Powell, A. (2007). Humans hot, sweaty, natural-born runners. Harvard Gazette. Найдено по адресу: https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2007/04/humans-hot-sweaty-natural-born-runners/.

Из воды на воздух

Bodmer, R. (1993). The gene tinman is required for specification of the heart and visceral muscles in Drosophila. Development, 118(3), 719–729.

Deglincerti, A., Croft, G. F., Pietila, L. N., Zernicka-Goetz, M., Siggia, E. D., Brivanlou, A. H. (2016). Self-organization of the in vitro attached human embryo. Nature, 533(7602), 251–254. doi:10.1038/nature17948.

Graven, S. N., Browne, J. V. (2008). Sleep and Brain Development: The Critical Role of Sleep in Fetal and Early Neonatal Brain Development. Newborn and Infant Nursing Reviews, 8(4), 173–179. doi: https://doi.org/10.1053/j.nainr.2008.10.008.

Li, W., Ma, L., Yang, G., Gan, W. B. (2017). REM sleep selectively prunes and maintains new synapses in development and learning. Nat Neurosci, 20(3), 427–437. doi:10.1038/nn.4479.

Louie, K., Wilson, M. A. (2001). Temporally Structured Replay of Awake Hippocampal Ensemble Activity during Rapid Eye Movement Sleep. Neuron, 29(1), 145–156.

Myrhaug, H. T., Brurberg, K. G., Hov, L., Håvelsrud, K., Reinar, L. M. Prognose for ogoppfølgingavekstremt premature barn: Ensystematiskoversikt, Folkehelseinstituttet. Forskningsoversikt 01 2017. ISBN (electronic): 978-82-8082-799-9. Available at på www.fhi.no.

Partridge, E. A., Davey, M. G., Hornick, M. A., McGovern, P. E., Mejaddam, A. Y., Vrecenak, J. D., Flake, A. W. (2017). An extra-uterine system to physiologically support the extreme premature lamb. Nat Commun, 8, 15112. doi:10.1038/ncomms15112.

Schott, J. J., Benson, D. W., Basson, C. T., Pease, W., Silberbach, G. M., Moak, J. P., Seidman, J. G. (1998). Congenital heart disease caused by mutations in the transcription factor NKX2-5. Science, 281(5373), 108–111.

Shahbazi, M. N., Jedrusik, A., Vuoristo, S., Recher, G., Hupalowska, A., Bolton, V., Zernicka-Goetz, M. (2016). Self-organization of the human embryo in the absence of maternal tissues. Nat Cell Biol, 18(6), 700–708. doi:10.1038/ncb3347.

Shank, S. S., Margoliash, D. (2009). Sleep and sensorimotor integration during early vocal learning in a songbird. Nature, 458(7234), 73–77.

Конец. Ну или начало

BBC Earth. (2014). Amazing birth of a baby kangaroo. Найдено по адресу: http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20141001-newborn-baby-kangaroo.

Frank, L. G., Weldele, M. L., Glickman, S. E. (1995). Masculinization costs in hyaenas. Nature, 377(6550), 584–585. doi:10.1038/377584b0.

Gao, L., Rabbitt, E. H., Condon, J. C., Renthal, N. E., Johnston, J. M., Mitsche, M. A., Mendelson, C. R. (2015). Steroid receptor coactivators 1 and 2 mediate fetal-to-maternal signaling that initiates parturition. The Journal of Clinical Investigation, 125(7), 2808–2824. doi:10.1172/JCI78544.

Kota, S. K., Gayatri, K., Jammula, S., Kota, S. K., Krishna, S. V. S., Meher, L. K., Modi, K. D. (2013). Endocrinology of parturition. Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 17(1), 50–59. doi:10.4103/2230-8210.107841.

Lagercrantz, H. (2016). The good stress of being born. Acta Paediatrica, 105(12), 1413–1416. doi:10.1111/apa.13615.

Lagercrantz, H., Slotkin, T. (1986). The «Stress» of Being Born. Scienti c American, 254(4), 100.

Menon, R., Bonney, E. A., Condon, J., Mesiano, S., Taylor, R. N. (2016). Novel concepts on pregnancy clocks and alarms: redundancy and synergy in human parturition. Human Reproduction Update, 22(5), 535–560. doi:10.1093/humupd/dmw022.

Nathanielsz, P. W., Granrud, L. (1996). Livet førfødselen. Oslo: Pax.

Trevathan, W. (2015). Primate pelvic anatomy and implications for birth. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 370(1663).

Иллюстрации

Nesheim, Britt-Ingjerd. (2014). Foster. I Store medisinskeleksikon. Взято 1 сентября 2017 года по адресу: https://sml.snl.no/foster.

Все остальные размеры взяты из:

Moore, K. L., Persaud, T. V. N., Torchia, M. G. (2016). The developing human: clinically oriented embryology (10th ed.). Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier. Se tabellene side 76 og 92.

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notes

Назад: Глава 19 Конец. Ну или начало

Дальше: Сноски