213
‘[I]f a Man seeth in present that which he hath seen before, he thinks that that which was antecedent to that which he saw before, is also antecedent to that he presently seeth: As for Example, He that hath seen the Ashes remain after the Fire, and now again seeth ashes, concludeth again there hath been Fire: And this is called again Conjecture of the past, or Presumption of the Fact… When a Man hath so often observed like Antecedents to be followed by like Consequents, that whensoever he seeth the Antecedent, he looketh again for the Consequent; or when he seeth the Consequent, maketh account there hath been the like Antecedent; then he calleth both the Antecedent and the Consequent, Signs one of another, as Clouds are Signs of Rain to come, and Rain of Clouds past’ (Hobbes. Humane Nature, 1650. 37, 38); ‘…there be two Kinds of Knowledge, whereof the one is nothing else but Sense, or Knowledge original… and Remembrance of the same; the other is called Science or Knowledge of the Truth of Propositions, and how Things are called; and is derived from Understanding… And of these two Kinds of Knowledge, whereof the former is Experience of Fact, and the later of Evidence of Truth; as the former, if it be great, is called Prudence; so the latter, if it be much, hath usually been called, both by Ancient and Modern Writers, Sapience or Wisdom: and of this latter, Man only is capable; of the former, brute Beasts also participate’ (60, 61, 64, 65).