1. Luo Guanzhong, Three Kingdoms, trans. Moss Roberts (1991), pp. 922–924.

2. John MacGowan, The Imperial History of China (1897), p. 154.

3. Ibid., p. 155.

4. Guanzhong, p. 935.

5. С. P. Fitzgerald, China (1938), p. 255.

6. MacGowan, p. 160.

7. Ibid., p. 161.

8. Demetrius Charles Boulger, The History of China, vol. 1 (1972), pp. 134–135.

9. Franz Michael, China through the Ages (1986), p. 90; Ann Paludan, Chronicle of the Chinese Emperors (1998), p. 64; Rodney Leon Taylor, The Religious Dimensions of Confucianism (1990), p. 14.

10. Thomas J. Barfield, The Perilous Frontier (1989), p. 115.

11. Jacques Gernet, A History of Chinese Civilization, 2d ed., trans. J. R. Foster and Charles Hartman (1996), p. 187.

12. Marylin M. Rhie, Early Buddhist Art of China and Central Asia, vol. 2 (1999), p. 279.

13. MacGowan, p. 187; Barfield, p.117.

14. Gernet, p. 183.

15. Mohan Wijayaratna, Buddhist Monastic Life, trans. Claude Gransier and Steven Collins (1990), p. 3.

16. Michael, p. 101.

17. Kenneth Kuan Sheng Ch’en, Buddhism in China (1972), pp. 57–58; William Theodore de Вагу et. all, Sources of Chinese Tradition, Vol. 1 (1963), p. xxi.