1. Raymond Chandler, “Red Wind,” in Trouble Is My Business (New York: Vintage, 1988), p. 162.

2. U. S. Department of Energy, 20 % Wind Energy By 2030: Increasing Wind Energy’s Contribution to U. S. Electricity Supply (Springfield, VA: U. S. Department of Commerce National Technical Information Service, 2008); Global Wind Energy Council and Greenpeace International, “Global Wind Energy Outlook 2010,” October 2010.

3. Edward J. Kealey, Harvesting the Air: Windmill Pioneers in Twelfth-Century England (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1987), ch. 6.

4. Lynn White Jr., Medieval Technology & Social Change (London: Oxford University Press, 1964), pp. 88–89; Carlo M. Cipolla, Before the Industrial Revolution: European Society and Economy 1000–1700 (New York: W. W. Norton, 1993), p. 144 (“distant announcement”).

5. W. O. A., “The Storage of Wind Power,” Scientific American XLIX, no. 2 (1883), p. 17; Robert Righter, Wind Energy in America: A History (Norman: University of Oklahoma, Norman Press, 1996), pp. 45–47, 52 (“more than offset”).

6. Righter, Wind Energy in America, p. 94 (“Cheapest Power”).

7. Palmer Putnam, Putnam’s Power from the Wind, ed. Gerald Koeppl (New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1982), p. 3 (“surprisingly high”).

8. New York Times, August 31, 1941.

9. Righter, Wind Energy in America, p. 136 (“precursor”).

10. Righter, Wind Energy in America, p. 174 (“We thought”).

11. John Berger, Charging Ahead: The Business of Renewable Energy and What It Means for America (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1997), p. 157 (“suspend you”); interview with Chris Hunt; Righter, Wind Energy in America, p. 171 (“eyesore”).

12. Interview with James Dehlsen.

13. Interview with James Dehlsen; Ole Sonnichsen, The Winner: The Dramatic Story of Vestas (Copenhagen: Gads Forlag, 2009).

14. Henry Nielsen, Keld Nielsen, Flemming Petersen, and Hans Siggaard Jensen, “Riso National Laboratory: Forty Years of Research in a Changing Society,” Riso National Laboratory, 1998, pp. 3, 19 (“peaceful use”); Ole Sonnichsen, The Winner, p. 18.

15. Interview with James Dehlsen; Peter Asmus, Reaping the Wind: How Mechanical Wizards, Visionaries, and Profiteers Helped Shape Our Energy Future (Washington, DC: Island Press, 2001), pp. 42–43, 119; Righter, Wind Energy in America, p. 181 (90 percent).

16. Berger, Charging Ahead, p. 155; Righter, Wind Energy in America, pp. 230–31.

17. Forbes, July 18, 1983; Righter, Wind Energy in America, p. 209; Asmus, Reaping the Wind, p. 127 (“tax farms”).

18. Interview with James Dehlsen; Washington Post, November 17, 1991.

19. Interview with Robert Kelly.

20. Interview with Victor Abate.

21. World Wind Energy Association, World Wind Energy Report 2009 (Bonn: World Wind Energy Association Head Office, 2010).

22. Liu Zhenya, speech, Washington, D. C., April 24, 2009.

23. Interview (“precious resource”).

24. IHS Emerging Energy Research, “Global Wind Turbine Markets and Strategies: 2010–2025,” p. 1.13.

25. Interview with Tulsi Tanit (“beauty of wind”); Wall Street Journal, April 18, 2008 (“under pressure”).

26. IHS Emerging Energy Research, “Global Wind Plant Ownership Rankings 2009,” June 2010, p. 5.

27. Interview with Lew Hay III.

28. Lawrence Makovich, Patricia DiOrio, and Douglas Giuffre, “Renewable Portfolio Standards: Getting Ahead of Themselves,” IHS CERA, February 2008 (6 percent).

29. “PG& E Corp. Q2 Earnings Call,” transcript, August 6, 2008 (“gets hot”); Liu Zhenya, speech, Washington, D. C., April 24, 2009.

30. Interview (“awfully long way”).

31. 31. Interview with James Dehlsen; Jon Wellinghoff interview, GreenMonk, April 15, 2010, at .

32. 32. Interview.

33. 33. BBC News, September 23, 2010.

34. 34. Interview (“windiest places”).

35. 35. Interview.

36. 36. Boston Globe, April 28, 2010.