1. Kenichi Ohmae, The Borderless World: Power and Strategy in the Interlinked Economy (New York: HarperCollins, 1991).

2. The New York Times, December 1, 1997 (“reasonable”); Petroleum Intelligence Weekly, December 8, 1997 (“economic stars”).

3. Carmen Reinhart and Kenneth Rogoff, This Time Is Different: Eight Centuries of Financial Folly (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2009), pp. 18, 157 (“darling”); Timothy J. Colton, Yeltsin: A Life (New York: Basic Books, 2008), p. 411–15 (93 percent); interview with Stanley Fischer, Commanding Heights; interview with Robert Rubin, Commanding Heights.

4. New York Times, December 26, 1998 (“understatement”), January 10, 1999 (cafeteria).

5. Interview with Robert Maguire (“roster”); Petroleum Intelligence Weekly, August 31, 1998 (“Were he alive today”); Douglas Terreson, “The Era of the Super-Major,” Morgan Stanley, February 1998.

6. Ronald Chernow, Titan: The Life of John D. Rockefeller Sr. (New York: Random House, 1998), pp. 554–55; Daniel Yergin, The Prize: The Epic Quest for Oil, Money, and Power (New York: Free Press, 2009), chs. 2, 5.

7. Interview with Lucio Noto (“could survive”).

8. Interview with Laurance Fuller; interview with John Browne; interview with Samuel Gillespie; John Browne, Beyond Business (London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 2010), pp. 67–71; Joseph Pratt, Prelude to Merger: A History of Amoco Corporation, 1973–1998 (Houston: Hart Publications: 2000), pp. 85–86; U. S. Federal Trade Commission, “BP/Amoco Agree to Divest Gas Stations and Terminals to Satisfy FTC Antitrust Concerns,” press release, December 30, 1998 (“competition”); Amoco Corp., Proxy Statement/Prospectus, October 30, 1998.

9. Browne, Beyond Business, p. 72 (“lap of BP”).

10. Interviews with Lee Raymond, Samuel Gillespie, and Lucio Noto; Exxon Corp., Form S-4 Registration Statement Under the Securities Act of 1933, April 5, 1999; New York Times, December 1, 1998.

11. William J. Baer, testimony, U. S. House of Representatives Committee on Commerce, Subcommittee on Energy and Power, March10, 1999.

12. Wall Street Journal, December 1, 1999.

13. Robert Pitofsky, testimony, U. S. Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, Subcommittee on Consumer Affairs, April 25, 2001 (“prices high”); Jeremy Bulow and Carl Shapiro, “The BP Amoco-ARCO Merger: Alaskan Crude Oil (2000),” in The Antitrust Revolution, ed. John Kwoka Jr. and Lawrence White (New York: Oxford University Press, 2008), p. 141 (half a cent), p. 149 (“protect competition”); Browne, Beyond Business, pp. 73–74.

14. Interviews with Thierry Desmarest and Vera de Ladoucette.

15. Interviews with David O’Reilly and William Wicker, New York Times, October 17, 2000 (Bijur).

16. Washington Post, November 19, 2001; interview with Archie Dunham.

17. Interview with Mark Moody-Stuart; Keetie Sluyterman, Keeping Competitive in Turbulent Markets 19 History of Royal Dutch Shell (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007), pp. 381–95.

18. Interview withDavid O’Reilly.