Increase: climb, recover, mount, soar, pump up, push up, peak, rise, surge, grow, drive up, boost, expand, upturn, upswing, gain, hike, lift, shot up

Decrease: downturn, cut, push down, lower, decline, fall, plunge, drop, drive down, slip, diminish, contract, reduce

Exercise 3.1. capital expenditures, 2. depreciation, 3. balance of payments, 4. Central Bank, 5. corporate tax, 6. fiscal year, 7. foreign direct investments, 8. gross domestic product, 9. inventory, 10. public finance

Exercise 4.petrodollars, forecast, hard currency, averages, upbeat, advisor, oil sector, mismanagement, wealth, natural resources, growth, windfall, spending, crunch, Stabilization Fund, accumulating, boost, tax revenues, hike, threshold, fiscal discipline, populist, outlays, GDP, cash payments, fiscal policy, public finances, budget surplus, inflation, upward, consumer prices, target, exacerbate, strengthening, manufacturers, value, in real terms, appreciate, macroeconomic, institutions, stability, «rents», interference, interest groups