См. статьи Вирджинии Гроарк (Virginia Groark, «An Overhaul for Emissions Testing», New York Times, June 9, 2002, http://www.nytimes.com/2002/06/09/nyregion/an-overhaul-for-emissions-testing.html?pagewanted=all&src=pm) и Томаса Н. Хаббарда (Thomas N. Hubbard, «An Empirical Examination of Moral Hazard in the Vehicle Inspection Market», RAND Journal of Economics 29 (1998): 406–426).