См.: Larry Jay Diamond. “Thinking about hybrid regimes”, Journal of Democracy 13, no. 2 (2002): 21–35; Andreas Schedler. The Politics of Uncertainty: Sustaining and Subverting Electoral Authoritarianism (Oxford University Press, 2012), вступление. Понятие «фальшивая демократия» см.: Klaas (2016), The Despot’s Accomplice.