Metin Heper and Şule Toktaş. “Islam, Modernity, and Democracy in Contemporary Turkey: The Case of Recep Tayyip Erdoğan”, Muslim World 93, no. 2 (2003): 157–85. Дальнейшую дискуссию см.: Soner Cagaptay. The New Sultan: Erdogan and the Crisis of Modern Turkey (New York: I. B. Tauris, 2017).
