Frederic Spotts, Bayreuth: A History of the Wagner Festival (New Haven, 1994), 159-88; Brigitte Hamann, Winifred Wagner oder Hitlers Bayreuth (Munich, 2002); Hans Rudolf Vaget, «Hitler’s Wagner: Musical Discourse as Cultural Space», in Kater and Riethmuller (eds.), Music and Nazism, 15-31.