147
Justin Marozzi, Baghdad: city of peace, city of blood (London, 2014), p. 92.
148
Hugh Kennedy, ‘From Polis to Madina: urban change in late antiquity and early Islamic Syria’, Past and Present, 106 (February 1985), 3–27.
149
Ibid.; Besim Hakim, ‘Law and the City’, in Salma K. Jayyusi (ed.), The City in the Islamic World (Leiden, 2008), pp. 71–93.
150
Marozzi, p. 92.
151
Lincoln Paine, The Sea and Civilisation: a maritime history of the world (London, 2015), p. 265.
152
Xinru Liu, The Silk Road in World History (Oxford, 2010), p. 101.
153
Nawal Nasrallah, Annals of the Caliphs’ Kitchens: Ibn Sayyar al-Warraq’s tenth-century Baghdadi cookbook (Boston, MA, 2007), p. 35.
154
David Waines, ‘“Luxury foods” in medieval Islamic societies’, World Archaeology, 34:3 (February 2003), 572.
155
International Labour Office, Women and Men in the Informal Sector: a statistical picture (Geneva, 2002); ‘Mumbai Street Vendors’, Guardian, 28/11/2014; Henry Mayhew, London Labour and the London Poor (4 vols; London, 1861–2) Vol. I, pp. 160, 165.
