Edward J. Erickson, Ordered to Die: A History of the Ottoman Army in the First World War (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2001), 7; Şevket Pamuk, «The Ottoman Economy in World War I», in The Economics of World War I, ed. Stephen Broadberry and Mark Harrison (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005), 117; Beşikçi, «Between Voluntarism and Resistance», 141.
