1. Joshua the Stylite, The Chronicle of Joshua the Stylite, trans. W. Wright (1882), 1.

2. Procopius, History of the Wars and Buildings, vol. 1 (1914), 1.3; Joshua the Stylite, 10–11.

3. Procopius, History of the Wars and Buildings, vol. 1,1.4; al-Tabari, History, vol. 5, p. m, 116; Joshua the Stylite, 11.

4. al-Tabari, History, vol. 5, pp. 128–129; Joshua the Stylite 18–19.

5. Mary Boyce, «On the Orthodoxy of Sasanian Zoroastrianism», Bulletin of the

School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, 59: 1 (1996), p. 23.

6. Ehsan Yarshater, «Mazdakism», in Ehsan Yarshater, ed., The Cambridge History of Iran, vol. 3(2) (1983), p. 1019.

7. al-Tabari, History, vol. 5, p. 132; Procopius, History of the Wars and Buildings, vol. 1, 1.5.

8. Procopius, History of the Wars and Buildings, vol. 1, 1.5.

9. al-Tabari, History, vol. 5, p. 136; Procopius, History of the Wars and Buildings, vol. 1 (1914), 1.6.

10. Bury, History of the Later Roman Empire, vol. 1, p. 290.

11. Procopius, History of the Wars and Buildings, vol. 1, 1.7; Joshua the Stylite, 53.

12. Procopius, History of the Wars and Buildings, vol. 1, 1.10.

13. Samuel Hazzard Cross and Olgerd P. Sherbowitz-Wetzor, trans, and ed., The Russian Primary Chronicle (1953), p. 55; Bury, History of the Later Roman Empire, vol. 1, p. 294.

14. Evagrius Scholasticus, Ecclesiastical History, trans. E. Walford (1846), 38.

15. Timothy Gregory, A History of Byzantium (2005), pp. 121–123.

16. Geoffrey Greatrex, «The Nika Riot: A Reappraisal», The Journal of Hellenic Studies, 117 (1997), p. 64.

17. Procopius, The Secret History, trans. G. A. Williamson (1966), p. 73.