757
Chickering, «Problems of a German Peace Movement», 46, 52.
758
Chickering, Imperial Germany, 239–53.
759
Wank, «The Austrian Peace Movement», 42–3; Dülffer, «Efforts to Reform the International System», 28.
760
Herring, From Colony to Superpower, 358–60.
761
Patterson, «Citizen Peace Initiatives», 187–92.
762
Herring, From Colony to Superpower, 357–8.
763
Chickering, Imperial Germany, 345.
764
Cooper, «Pacifism in France», 366–7.
765
Morris, «The English Radicals» Campaign», везде.
766
Weinroth, «The British Radicals», 661–2.
767
Kessler, Journey to the Abyss, 336, 368–9.
768
Zweig, The World of Yesterday, 226.
769
Cooper, «Pacifism in France», 363.
770
Anderson, The Rise of Modern Diplomacy, 253–5.
771
Там же, 255.
772
Morrill, «Nicholas II and the Call», 296–313.
773
Dülffer, «Chances and Limits of Arms Control», 98.
774
Dülffer, «Citizens and Diplomats», 30–31.
775
Joll and Martel, The Origins of the First World War, 258.
776
Massie, Dreadnought, 429.
777
Chickering, Imperial Germany, 225.
778
Dülffer, «Citizens and Diplomats», 25.
779
Laurence, «The Peace Movement in Austria», 55.
780
Andrew, Théophile Delcassé, 121.
781
BD, т. I, 274, 224–5; 276, 226.
782
White, The First Hague Conference, 114.
783
Tuchman, The Proud Tower, 252.
784
BD, т. I, 282, 229–31.
785
White, The First Hague Conference, 8.
786
Там же, 18–19.
787
Dülffer, «Citizens and Diplomats», 24.
788
Dülffer, «Chances and Limits of Arms Control», 102.
789
Chickering, Imperial Germany, 227.
790
Там же, 228.
791
Aehrenthal, Aus dem Nachlass, 388.
792
Stevenson, Armaments, 109.
793
Laity, The British Peace Movement, 171–2.
794
Laurence, «The Peace Movement in Austria», 29.
795
Stevenson, Armaments, 109–10.
796
Ceadel, Semi-Detached Idealists, 166.
797
Charykov, Glimpses of High Politics, 261.
798
Marder, From the Dreadnought to Scapa Flow, 133.
799
Chickering, Imperial Germany, 229–30.
800
Steiner, «Grey, Hardinge and the Foreign Office», 434–5.
801
Dülffer, «Efforts to Reform the International System», 40.
802
Howorth, «French Workers and German Workers», 85.
803
Chickering, Imperial Germany, 269.
804
Laurence, «Bertha von Suttner», 194.
805
Joll, The Second International, 107.
806
Craig, Germany, 1866–1945, 267–9; Joll, The Second International, 89–90.
807
Groh, «The «Unpatriotic Socialists»», 153–5.
808
Chickering, Imperial Germany, 272.
809
Joll, The Second International, 100–105; Goldberg, Life of Jean Jaurus, 329–30.
810
Goldberg, Life of Jean Jaurus, 13.
811
Там же, 63–5.
812
Там же, 15, 375; Heinrich, Geschichte in Gesprächen, 327–8.
813
Goldberg, Life of International, 126–43, 197.
814
Porch, The March to the Marne, 247–9.
815
Joll, The Second International, 126–43, 197.
816
Chickering, Imperial Germany, 275; Haupt, Socialism and the Great War, 90–91, 107.
817
Haupt, Socialism and the Great War, 67–8.
818
Там же, 64.
819
Там же, 91–2; Joll, The Second International, 152–7.
820
Haupt, Socialism and the Great War, 102–3.
821
Joll, The Second International, 70.
822
Howorth, «French Workers and German Workers», 75; Chickering, «War, Peace, and Social Mobilization», 16–17.
823
Joll, The Second International, 49–54; Howorth, «French Workers and German Workers», 78–81.
824
Haupt, Socialism and the Great War, 68–9.
825
Там же, 69–70.
826
Joll, The Second International, 123–4.
827
Haupt, Socialism and the Great War, 64–6.
828
Там же, 77.
829
Там же, 114; Goldberg, Life of Jean Jaurus, 435–8.
830
Cooper, Patriotic Pacifism, 171.
831
Там же, 165–7.
832
Chickering, Imperial Germany, 317.
833
Weinroth, «The British Radicals», 676; Chickering, Imperial Germany, 118.
834
Cooper, «Pacifism in France», 365.
835
Angell, The Great Illusion Kindle version, loc. 2928–30.
836
Howard, «The Armed Forces», 217.
837
Stevenson, «War by Timetable?», 167–8; Herwig, «Conclusions», 232.
838
Howard, The Franco-Prussian War, 14.
839
Stevenson, «War by Timetable?», 167.
840
Bucholz, Moltke, Schlieffen, 146–7, 229, 232.
841
Там же, 150.
842
Stevenson, «War by Timetable?», 171.
843
Craig, The Politics of the Prussian Army, 197n3.
844
Bucholz, Moltke, Schlieffen, 64–6.
845
Craig, The Politics of the Prussian Army, 216.
846
Moltke, Erinnerungen, 11.
847
Herwig, «Conclusions», 231.
848
Showalter, «Railroads», 40.
849
Stevenson, «War by Timetable?», 192–3.
850
Evera, «The Cult of the Offensive», 73–6.
851
Hamilton, «War Planning», 13.
852
Herwig, «Imperial Germany», 90.
853
Herwig, «From Tirpitz Plan to Schlieffen Plan», 57.
854
Tirpitz, My Memoirs, т. II, 290.
855
Bond, The Victorian Army and the Staff College, 133.
856
Kronenbitter, Krieg im Frieden, 88.
857
Echevarria, «Heroic History», 573–90.
858
Echevarria, «On the Brink of the Abyss», 31–3.
859
Прусская винтовка Дрейзе была фактически в два раза скорострельнее, хотя в боевых условиях часто выходила из строя. Французская винтовка Шасспо была в этом и других отношениях еще совершенней – в частности, дальность прицельной стрельбы из нее достигала километра и более.
