Книга: Проклятие Тутанхамона
Назад: ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ III ЕГИПЕТСКИЕ ИМЕНА У ЛЕВИТОВ
Дальше: Примечания

ПРИМЕЧАНИЯ АВТОРОВ

ПРЕДИСЛОВИЕ
1Carnarvon, No Regrets: The Memoirs of the Earl of Carnarvon, pp. 118—22.
2Ibid., p. 119.
3Ibid., p. 124.
ЧАСТЬ ПЕРВАЯ — ТУТАНХАМОН
ГЛАВА ПЕРВАЯ. ЦАРЬ УМЕР
1Sir Alan Gardiner, Egypt of the Pharaohs.
2Brier, The Murder of Tutankhamen: A 3000-year-old Murder Mystery, p. 8.
3Ibid.

 

ГЛАВА ВТОРАЯ. ТАЙНА ДОЛИНЫ
1Fairman, «Once again the so-called coffin of Akhenaten», JEA 47 (1960), p. 37.
2See ibid., pp. 30—2.
3See Aldred and Sandison, «The Pharaoh Akhenaten: a problem in Egyptology and pathology», BHM 36 (1962), p. 301.
4See Davis, The Tomb of Queen Tlyi: The Discovery of the Tomb, 1910.
5See Smith, «Note of the estimate of the age attained by the person whose skeleton was found in the tomb», pp. xxiii-xxiv. See also Smith, The Royal Mummies, p. 54.
6Harrison, «An Anatomical Examination of Pharaonic Remains Purported to be Akhenaten, JEA 52 (1966), pp 95— 119.
7Ibid, p. 111.
8Ibid.
9Derry, «Note on the skeleton hitherto believed to be that of King Akhenaten, ASAE 31 (1931), pp. 115—19. See also Engelbach, «Material or a revision of the history of the heresy period of the XVIIIth Dynasty, ASAE 40 (1940), p. 151.
10Filer, The KV 55 body: the facts», EA 17 (Autumn 2000), pp. 13–14.
11See Note 17 for a fuller account of the controversy over the age of the body found in KV 55.
12Derry, pp. 116—17.
13Filer, p. 14.
14Harrison, pp. 113—14.
15Welsh, Tutankhamun's Egypt, p. 54.
16Engelbach, «The so-called coffin of Akhenaten», ASAE 31 (1931), pp. 98-114; Engelbach, 1940, p. 152.
17For the theory that Smenkhkare was Nefertiti see, for instance, Samson, Nefertiti and Cleopatra: Queen-Monarcbs of Ancient Egypt, pp. 86—9, 95—7, and Reeves, Akhenaten: Egypt's False Prophet, 2001, pp. 170—3, after the work of John R Harris in 1973. For strong arguments against this conclusion, see Allen, «Nefertiti and Smenkh-ka-re», GM 141 (1994), pp. 7—17.
18Harris, «Akhenaten and Nefernefruaten in the Tomb of Tut» ankhamun», in Reeves, After Tut» ankhamun: Research and excavation in the Royal Necropolis at Thebes, 1992, pp. 55–62.
19Eaton-Krauss, «The Sarcophagus in the Tomb of Tut» ankhamun», in Reeves, 1992, pp. 85–90.
20Welsh, Tutankhamun's Egypt, p. 8.
21For a more recent case for the body from KV 55 being that of Smenkhkare see Rose, «Who's in Tomb 55», Archaeology 55:2 (March/April 2002), pp. 22–27; Filer, «Anatomy of a Mummy», Archaeology 55:2, (March/April 2002), pp. 26–29.
22See, for example, Reeves, 2001, pp. 81–84, 173—4.
23Fairman, «Once again the so-called coffin of Akhenaten», JEA 47 (I960), pp. 25–40.
24Harrison, pp. 115—16.
25Davis, Excavations: Biban el Moluk: Tbe Tombs of Har-mhabi and Touatankhamanou, 1912, p. 2.
26Ibid., pp. 3, 125.
27Ibid., p. 127.
28Ibid., p. 128.
29Ibid.; Carter and Mace, The Tomb of Tut.ankh.Amen, I, pp. 77—8; Welsh, Tutankhamun's Egypt, pp. 9—10.
30Hoving, Tutankhamun — The Untold Story, pp. 61—2.
31Davis, 1912, p. 3.

 

ГЛАВА ТРЕТЬЯ. ИЗЫСКАНИЯ КАРТЕРА
1Mahdy, Tutankhamun: The Life and,Death of a Boy King, pp. 54—5.
2Harris, «How long was the Reign of Horemheb?» JEA 54 (1968), p. 97; Aldred and Sandison, «The Pharaoh Akhenaten: a problem in Egyptology and pathology», BHM 36 (1962), pp. 298-9.
3Vandenberg, The Forgotten Pharaoh: The Discovery of Tutankhamun, p. 21.
4Ibid.
5Ibid., pp. 24—5.
6Petrie, Tell el Amama, p. 38.
7Redford, Akhenaten: The Heretic King p. 141.
8Petrie, p. 41.
9Ibid.
10Deny, «Note on the skeleton hitherto believed to be that of King Akhenaten; ASAE 31 (1931), p. 116.
11See, for instance, Aldred and Sandison, pp. 305—15.
12Burridge, «Akhenaten: A New Perspective. Evidence of a Genetic Disorder in the Royal Family of 18th Dynasty Egypt», JSSEA 23 (1993), p. 65.
13Ibid.
14Phillips, Act of God: Tutankhamun, Moses and the Myth of Atlantis, p. 68.
15Burridge, p. 65.
16Burridge, pp. 63–74; Burridge, «Did Akhenaten Suffer from Marfan's Syndrome?», BA 59:2 (June 1996), pp. 127—8.
17Filer, «The KV 55 body: the facts», EA 17 (Autumn 2000), p. 4.
18See Collins, Gods of Eden, Ch. 11.
19See Stecchini, Notes on the Relation of Ancient Measures to the Great Pyramid», in Tompkins, Secrets of the Great Pyramid, pp. 287–382.
20Molleson & Campbell, «Deformed Skulls at Tell Arpachi-yah: the Social Context», in Campbell & Green (eds), The Archaeology of Death in the Ancient Near East, Oxbow Monograph No. 51, 1995, pp. 45–55.
21Hoving, Tutankhamun — The Untold Story, p. 27.
22James, Howard Carter: The Path to Tutankhamun, Appendix II, pp. 413—15, and Carter Tut.Ankh.Amen: The Politics of Discovery, pp. 3–6.

 

ГЛАВА ЧЕТВЕРТАЯ. ПОИСКИ НАЧИНАЮТСЯ
1Reeves, The Complete Tutankhamun, p. 44.
2Burghclere, «Introduction», in Carter and Mace, The Tomb ofTut.ankhAmen, I, p. 27.
3See Laughlin, Archaeology and the Bible, p. 72.
4Carnarvon and Carter, Five Years» Explorations at Thebes: A record of work done 1907 — 1911-
5Winstone, Howard Carter and the Discovery of the Tomb of Tutankhamun, p. 114.
6Carter and Mace, I, p. 80.
7Ibid., I, p. 81.
8Ibid.
9Ibid. I, p. 82.
10Ibid.
11Breasted, Pioneer to the Past: The Story of James Henry Breasted Archaeologist, p. 328.
12Carter and Mace, I,p. 82.
13Ibid., I, p. 83.
14Ibid., I, p. 85.
15Breasted, р. 328.
16Ibid.
17Carter and Mace, I, p. 85.
18Hoving, Tutankhamun — The Untold Story, p. 73.
19Ibid.

 

ГЛАВА 5. СМЕРТЬ ЗОЛОТОЙ ПТИЧКИ
1Carter and Mace, The Tomb of Tut.ankh.Amen, I, p. 90.
2Gardiner, My Working Years, p. 37.
3Carter and Mace, I, p. 87.
4Breasted, Pioneer to the Past: The Story of James Henry Breasted Archaeologist, p. 332.
5Carter and Mace, I, p. 88.
6Ibid., I, p. 89.
7See, for example, James, Howard Carter: the Path to Tutankhamun.
8Hoving, Tutankhamun — The Untold Story, p. 81.
9A letter from Herbert E Winlock, assistant curator of Egyptology at the Metropolitan Museum, New York, to its director Edward Robinson, dated 28 March 1923, quoted in Hoving, p. 82. See also James, p. 218, who quotes the first paragraph.
10Breasted, p. 342.
11Letter from Winlock to Robinson, 28 March 1923, op. cit.
12Ibid.
13Breasted, p. 342.
14Letter from Winlock to Robinson, 28 March 1923, op. cit.
15Ibid.
16Ibid.
17Hoving, p. 52.
18Breasted, p. 342.
19See Frayling, The Face of Tutankhamun, pp. 55—6.
20Carter, Lett's No. 46 Indian and Colonial Rough Diary 1922, entry for Friday, 24 November, the Griffith Institute, Ashmolean Museum, Oxford.
21James, p. 305.
22Carter, Lett's No. 46 Indian and Colonial Rough Diary 1922, entry for Friday, 24 November, the Griffith Institute, Ashmolean Museum, Oxford.
23See, for instance, Alan H Gardiner's account of events quoted in his daughter Margaret Gardiner's A Scatter of Memories, p. 98: «On November 23rd Carnarvon arrived at Luxor with his daughter Evelyn».
24Carter and Mace, I, p. 92.
25Ibid.
26Ibid, I, p. 93 n. 1.
27Ibid., I, p. 94.
28Ibid., I, p. 96.
29Ibid., I, p. 96.
30Carter, MSS. Notebook 1, the Griffith Institute, Ashmolean Museum, Oxford.
31Ibid.
32Carter and Mace, I, p. 100.
33Ibid.
34Ibid., I, p. 101.

 

ГЛАВА ШЕСТАЯ. НЕОФИЦИАЛЬНОЕ ВСКРЫТИЕ
1Carter and Mace, The Tomb of Tut.ankh.Amen, I, p. 98.
2Carter, Lett's No. 46 Indian and Colonial Rough Diary
1922, entry for Sunday, 26 November, the Griffith Institute, Ashmolean Museum, Oxford.
3Carnarvon, typewritten draft article dated 10 December
1922, quoted in Reeves and Taylor, Howard Carter before Tutankhamun, pp. 140—1.
4Carnarvon, «The Egyptian treasure: story of the discovery», The Times, 11 December 1922, pp. 13–14.
5Type written draft article written by Lord Carnarvon, 10 December 1922, quoted in Reeves, Howard Carter before Tutankhamun, pp. 140—1.
6Ibid.
7Ibid.
8Ibid.
9Carter, TutAnkhAmen: The Politics of Discovery, p. 4.
10Carter and Mace, I, p. 93.
11Hoving, Tutankhamun — The Untold Story, pp. 84—5.
12Carter, p.4.
13Hoving, p. 85.
14Carter and Mace, I, p. 101.
15Hoving, pp. 90—103-
16Ibid., p. 91.
17Carter and Mace, I, p. 97.
18Carter and Mace, I, p. 104.
19 Ibid., I, p. 178.
20Wynne, Behind the Mask of Tutankhamen, pp. 114—16.
21Herbert, Mervyn, diary 1917—23 (an earlier diary covers the period 1912—17 but is not referenced in this work), Private Papers Collection, Middle East Centre, St Anthony's College, Oxford, GB165-0144. Permission to quote from the diary was kindly given by Janet Powell and Martin Argles.
22Ibid.
23Ibid.
24Ibid.
25Carter and Mace, I, 101—2.
26Lucas, «Notes on Some of the Objects from the Tomb of Tutankhamun», ASAE 41(1942), pp. 135—47.
27Ibid., p. 136.
28Ibid.
29Ibid.
30Lucas, «Notes on Some of the Objects from the Tomb of Tutankhamun», ASAE 45 (1947), pp. 133-4.
31Ibid.
32Herbert, George, account of discovery of Tutankhamun's tomb (copy), c. 1922—23, British Library Manuscript Collection, RP 17991.
33Ibid., pp. 5–6, 9.
34Letter from Lord Carnarvon to Alan H. Gardiner, 28 November 1922, quoted in Reeves and Taylor, Howard Carter Before Tutankhamun, pp. 141—2. This letter forms part of a collection of Gardiner papers archived at the Griffith Institute, Ashmolean Museum, Oxford.

 

ГЛАВА СЕДЬМАЯ. СОКРОВИЩА ТУТАНХАМОНА
1The Turin papyrus of Rameses IVs tomb, Museo Egizio, Turin. See Carter and Gardiner, «The tomb of Ramesses IV and the Turin plan of a royal tomb\JEA 4 (1917), pp. 130—58. See also Desroches-Noblecourt, Tutankhamen: life and Death of a Pharaoh, p. 259 and pi. 165.
2See Carter and Mace, The Tomb of TutankhAmen, I, p. 183.
3Ibid., I, p. 184.
4Ibid.
5Ibid., I» p. 185.
6Burton, Harry, Griffith Institute, Oxford, photograph GB7 282.
7Herbert, account of discovery of Tutankhamun's tomb (copy), c. 1922—23, British Library Manuscript Collection, RP 17991, pp. 1-Ю.
8Gardiner, My Working Years, pp. 37—8.
9Dawson to Robbins, Memorandum, «Informing him of Lord Carnarvon's offer of exclusive news on the opening of Tutankhamun's tomb», 14 November 1922, TNL Archive at the Archives and Records Office of the News International Group, GR/3/19/3.

 

ГЛАВА ВОСЬМАЯ. ШЕСТЬ НЕДЕЛЬ ЖИЗНИ
1Rapp, unpublished memoirs (GB165 — 0234), Private Papers Collection, Middle East Centre, Oxford.
2Letter from James Henry Breasted to his son Charles Breasted, dated 12 March 1923, quoted in Breasted, Pioneer to the Past, p. 347.
3Breasted, p. 347.
4James, Howard Carter: The Path to Tutankhamun, p. 254.
5Letter from Lord Carnarvon to Howard Carter, 23 February 1923? in the Carter archives of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, and quoted in James, p. 254 and Hoving, Tutankhamun — The Untold Story, pp. 222—3.
6Hoving, p. 222.
7For instance, see Reeves and Taylor, Howard Carter before Tutankhamun, pp. 156—7.
8Merton, «Ld. Carnarvon's Death. 16 Years» Work in Egypt», The Times, 6 April 1923, p. 11.
9Brackman, The Search for the Gold of Tutankhamen, p. 106.
10Merton, op cit.
11Breasted, p. 347.
12Reeves, The Complete Tutankhamun, p. 62.
13James, pp. 256—7.
14Ibid, p.257
15Gardiner, My Working Years, p.40.
16Merton.
17Letter from Lady Evelyn Herbert to Howard Carter, 18 March 1923, in the Carter archives of the Metropolitan Museum of Art and quoted in James, pp. 257—8.
18Letter from Albert Lythgoe to Howard Carter, 20 March 1923, held by the Egyptology Department of the Metropolitan Museum of Art and quoted in Hoving, pp. 223—4.
19Merton, op. cit.
20Letter from the Hon. Richard Bethell to Howard Carter, 26 March 1923, held by the Egyptology Department of the Metropolitan Museum of Art and quoted in Hoving, p. 224.
21Merton, op. cit.
22Ibid.
23Carnarvon, No Regrets: Memoirs oj the Earl of Carnarvon, pp. 120, 124.
24Letter from Alan Gardiner to his wife, dated 1 April
1923, quoted by Margaret Gardiner in A Scatter of Memoirs, pp. 107-8.
25Merton, op. cit.
26Ibid.
27Lord Carnarvon's last hours: sudden failure of hotel lights\ Daily Express, 6 April 1923, p. 1.
28Merton, op. cit. Merton incorrectly states that his death occurred at 2.30 a.m.
29Ibid.
30Ibid.
31Daily Express, 6 April 1923, p. 1.
32This appears to have been Algernon Maudslay (1873–1948), a public servant, although the authors have been unable to verify this fact.
33Gardiner, pp. 39–40.
34Reeves, p. 62.
35Hoving, p. 221.
36Letter from Lord Carnarvon to Howard Carter, December 1922 — January 1923, source unknown, quoted in Hoving, p. 153.
37Weigall, Tutankhamen And Other Essays, p. 96.
38Ibid., p. 89.

 

ЧАСТЬ ВТОРАЯ. ПРОКЛЯТИЕ
ГЛАВА ДЕВЯТАЯ. ПРОКЛЯТИЕ КАРНАРВОНА
1Brackman, The Search for the Gold of Tutankhamen, p. 114.
2From a conversation between Anthony Leadbetter, a surviving godson of Almina, Countess of Carnarvon, and the authors on 3 August 2001.
3Carnarvon, Ermin Tales: More Memoirs of the Earl of Carnarvon, 1980, p. 16.
4Ibid.
5Ibid.
6Ibid.
7Ibid.
8Ibid.
9Ibid.
10From a conversation between Anthony Leadbetter and the authors on 3 August 2001.
11'Cheiro (Hamon), Confessions: memoirs of a modem seer, 1932, р. 38; «Cheiro» (Hamon), Real Life Stories: A Collection of Sensational Personal Experiences, 1934, p. 29.
12'Cheiro» (Hamon), 1932, Mark Twain, p. 168; Sarah Bernhardt, p. 147; Austin Chamberlain, pp. 123—4; Oscar Wilde, p. 152; Mata Hari, pp. 248-57.
13Ibid., p. 132.
14Ibid., pp. 97—100.
15Ibid., pp. 108—9.
16Ibid., p. 113–16.
17Ibid., p. 39–42.
18Ibid., p. 62.
19Ibid., p. 66.
20Ibid., p. 68.
21Wynne, Behind the Mask of Tutankhamen, p. 51.
22'Cheiro» (Hamon), 1932, pp. 135—44.
23Ibid., pp. 142, 144.
24'Cheiro» (Hamon), 1934, p. 45.
25Ibid., pp. 19–26, 35–47. See also Nelson, Out of the Silence, pp. 31—2.
26'Cheiro» (Hamon), 1934, p. 45.
27Ibid, p. 46.
28Ibid., p. 47.
29Ibid.
30Carnarvon, No Regrets: Memoirs of the Earl of Carnarvon, 1976, p. 120.
31Lee…the grand piano came by camel: Arthur С Mace, the neglected Egyptologist, p. 111.
32Carter, The Tomb ofTut.ankh.Amen, II, p. xxv.
33Ibid.
34'Lord Carnarvon's last hours: sudden failure of hotel lights», Daily Express, 6 April 1923, p. 1.
35Rapp, unpublished memoirs (GB165 — 0234), Private Papers Collection, Middle East Centre, Oxford.
36Weigall, Tutankhamen And Other Essays, p. 137.
37Ibid, pp. 137-8.
38Wynne, p. 95.
39Ibid., pp. 95—6.
40Ibid., p. 96.
41Ibid., p. 96.
42Ibid.
43Ibid.
44Ibid., p. 103.
45Ibid.
46Ibid., p. 104.
47Ibid.
48Ibid.
49Carnarvon, 1976, pp. 120—2.
50See Coats and Bell, Marie Corelli: The Writer & the Woman.
51Reeves, The Complete Tutankhamun, p. 62 and Mahdy, Tutankhamun: The Life and Death of a Boy King, p. 129.
52Keys, «Curse (& Revenge) of the Mummy Invented by Victorian Writers», The Independent, 31 December 2000.
53Ibid.
54LMA (Louisa May Alcott), «Lost in a Pyramid» The New World, vol. 1, no. 1, 1869, p, 8. Periodicals collection, Library of Congress, Washington DC, Cat. No. AP2 N6273. See also Montserrat, «Louisa May Alcott and the Mummy's Curse», KMT 9:2 (Summer 1998), pp. 70—5.
55See Stoker, The Jewel of Seven Stars. By far the best film to be based on Stoker's book is The Awakening (1980), starring Charlton Heston.
56A letter from Herbert E Winlock, assistant curator of Egyptology at the Metropolitan Museum, New York, to its director Edward Robinson, 28 March 1923, quoted in Hoving, Tutankhamun — The Untold Story, p. 82. See also James, Howard Carter: The Path to Tutankhamun, p. 218, who quotes the first paragraph.
57Vandenberg, The Forgotten Pharaoh: The discovery of Tutankhamun, p. 158.
58Ibid.
59Weigall, pp. 137-8.
60Wynne, p. 200.

 

ГЛАВА ДЕСЯТАЯ. СМЕРТНЫЙ ПРИГОВОР
1Carnarvon, No Regrets: Memoirs of the Earl of Carnarvon, p. 124.
2Ibid.
3Ibid.
4'Lord Carnarvon's last hours: sudden failure of hotel lights», Daily Express, 6 April 1923, p. 1.
5Winstone, Howard Carter and the Discovery of the Tomb of Tutankhamun, p. 189.
6Daily Express, 6 April 1923, p. 1.
7For instance, see Vandenberg, The Forgotten Pharaoh: The Discovery of Tutankhamun, 1978, p. 160.
8For instance, see Carnarvon, p. 126; Wynne, Behind the Mask of Tutankhamun, p. 134.
9Daily Express, 6 April 1923, p. 1.
10For those readers who possess a copy of Nicholas Reeves's superb book The Complete Tutankhamun, a photograph of the death certificate (currently on display at High-clere Castle) appears in a plate on Page 63, and the time of death is clearly visible.
11Mahdy, Tutankhamun: The Life and Death of a Boy King, p. 130.
12Vandenberg, 1978, p. 161.
13Ibid.
14Carnarvon, p. 127.
15Ibid.
16'Egyptian collectors in a panic: Sudden rush to hand over their treasures to museums: Groundless fears», Daily Express, 7 April 1923, p. 1.
17Ibid.
18Ibid.
19Brackman, p. 113.
20Ibid.
21Ibid., p. 114.
22Hoving, Tutankhamun — The Untold Story, p. 227.
23Ibid.
24Ibid.
25Vandenberg, The Curse of the Pharaohs, 1973, p. 19-
25Ibid.
27Ibid.
28A letter from Herbert E Winlock, assistant curator of Egyptology at the Metropolitan Museum, New York, to its director Edward Robinson, 28 March 1923, quoted in Hoving, Tutankhamun — The Untold Story, p. 82. See also James, Howard Carter: The Path to Tutankhamun, p. 218, who quotes the first paragraph.
29Carter, The Tomb of Tut.ankhAmen, II, p. xxv.
30See Lucas, «The Chemistry of the Tomb, in Carter, II, pp. 162-88.
31Ibid., -II, p. 165.
32Ibid., II, pp. 165-6.
33Ibid., II, p. 166.
34Vandenberg, 1973, p. 157.
35Ibid.
36Ibid.
37NBC television report, no screening date, c. 1990s.
38Hoving, p. 221.

 

ГЛАВА ОДИННАДЦАТАЯ. НАЛИЧИЕ ЯДА
1Quoted in Brackman, The Search for the Gold of Tutankhamen, p. 114.
2Morton, «Tragedy of Lord Carnarvon», Daily Express, 6 April 1923, p. 4.
3A number of Internet news sites posted articles on the discovery. For example see: http://www.egyptvoyager.com/ drhawass_findingthetomb_2.htm.
4Posted on various Internet news sites. For example see: http://abcnews.go.com/sections/science/DailyNews/egyptmayor000523.html,
5Email from Michael Carmichael to Andrew Collins, dated 11 January 2002.
6Ibid.
7Letter from Arthur С. Mace to his wife Winifred, dated 4 March 1923, quoted in Lee…the grand piano came by camel: Arthur С Mace, the neglected Egyptologist, p. 109.
8Letter from Arthur С Mace to his wife Winifred, dated 4 March 1923, quoted in James, Howard Carter: The Path to Tutankhamun, p. 253.
9Letter from Arthur С Mace to Albert Lythgoe, dated 14 January 1927, from the Mace file at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, quoted in Lee, p. 138.
10Ibid.
11Ibid, pp. 139-40.
12Letter from Arthur С Mace to Albert Lythgoe, dated 14 January 1927, from the Mace file at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York,quoted in ibid., p. 140.
13Letter from Arthur С Mace to Albert Lythgoe, dated 7 August 1927, from the Mace file at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, quoted in ibid.
14Ibid.
15Chris Ogilvie-Herald spoke at length with Christopher С Lee, the curator of the Paisley Museum in Scotland, during July 2001, who was unable to elaborate any further on the cause of Mace's arsenic poisoning.
16Email from Dorothy Arnold to Andrew Collins, dated
12 March 2002.
17Pearce, «Bangladesh's arsenic poisoning — who is to blame?» UNESCO Courier, January 2001.
18F. Hoefear, Histoire de la chimie, 1842,1, p. 226, quoted in Lucas, «Poisons in Ancient Egypt», JEA 24 (1938), pp. 198—9.
19Pliny, Natural History, XV, xiii, 45.
20Lucas, p. 198.
21Ibid., p. 199.
22Ibid., p. 199.
23Email from Michael Carmichael to Andrew Collins, dated 11 January 2002.
24See Davis, The Serpent and the Rainbow.
25For further information on arsenic sulphate visit www. sis.gov.eg/pharo/html/immort03.htm.
26See Lucas, op cit.
27Harmon, «Oakland arsenic fears resurface», Detroit News, 12 March 1997.
28Hoving, Tutankhamun — The Untold Story, p. 221.
29Email from Michael Carmichael to Andrew'Collins, dated 11 January 2002.

 

ГЛАВА ДВЕНАДЦАТАЯ. ЛОКАУТ
1Carter, TutAnkhAmen, The Politics of Discovery, pp. 10–12. 2Ibid., p. 69.
3Ibid., p. 5.
4Ibid.
5Ibid., Appendix I, p. 133 6Ibid.
7Ibid., p. 134
8Carter and Mace, The Tomb ofTut.ankhAmen, II, p. 51.
9Ibid., II, p. 53.
10Carter, p. 99.
11Hoving, Tutankhamun — The Untold Story, p. 325.

 

ГЛАВА ТРИНАДЦАТАЯ. ГРАБИТЕЛИ ГРОБНИЦ
1Lucas, Notes on Some of the Objects from the Tomb of Tutankhamun», ASAE 41 (1942) pp. 136.
2Carter, The Tomb ofTut.ankhAmen, II, pp. 89–90.
3Ibid., II, p. 90.
4Lucas, p. 137.
5Ibid.
6Ibid, pp. 137-8.
7Hoving, Tutankhamun — The Untold Story, p. 350.
8Ibid.
9Ibid.
10Ibid., pp. 350—1.
11Ibid., p. 351.
12Ibid.
13Ibid.
14Ibid., p. 354.
15Ibid.
16Ibid., p. 352–353.
I7Ibid.
18Ibid., p. 350.
19Ibid., p. 352.
20Ibid.
21Ibid., p. 351.
22Ibid.
23Ibid., p. 356.
24See Harris, «Akhenaten and Nefernefruaten in the Tomb of Tutankhamun,» in Reeves, After Tufankhamun: Research and excavation in the Royal Necropolis at Thebes, p. 60. For information online concerning the Nelson-Atkins sequins go to http://echoesofeternity.umkc.edu/Sequins.htm
25Harris, p. 60.
26Hoving, p. 356.
27Ibid. p. 355.
28Reeves, The Complete Tutankhamun, pp. 96—7.
29Carter, III, p. 34.
30Hoving, p. 357.
31Ibid.
32Lee…the grand piano came by camel: Arthur C. Mace, the neglected Egyptologist, p. 100, from a conversation with Margaret Orr.
33'Cheiro» (Hamon), Real Life Stories: A Collection of Sensational Personal Experiences, p. 47.
34Ibid., p. 49–50.
35'Tragedy of the Hon. R Bethell. Death at his club. Tutankhamen curse recalled.», Daily Mail, 16 November 1929, p. 11.
36'Cheiro» (Hamon), p. 52, cf. Universal News Service press release on the death of Lord Westbury, February 1930.
37Ibid., p. 49.
38Ibid., p. 51.
39Daily Mail, 16 November 1929, p. 11.
40Tragedy of Lord Westbury. «I cannot stand any more horrors.» Pharoah's curse», Daily Express, 22 February 1930, pp. 1–2.
41Ibid, p. 1.
42See Hoving, pp. 27–37.
43Letter from Arthur Weigall to Howard Carter, dated 25 January 1923, to be found in the Carter Files, Department of Egyptian Art, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, and quoted in James, Howard Carter: the Path to Tutankhamun, p. 242.
44James, pp. 242—3.

 

ГЛАВА ЧЕТЫРНАДЦАТАЯ. СКАНДАЛЬНЫЙ ДОКЛАД
1Кееdick, op. cit.
2The exact date of the exchange is not recorded in Keedick's memoirs.
3Hoving, Tutankhamun — The Untold Story, p. 311.
4Letter from Lord Carnarvon to Alan H Gardiner, dated 28 November 1922, quoted in Reeves and Taylor, Howard Carter: Before Tutankhamun, p. 141.
5Budge, Tutankhamen: Amenism, Atenism, and Egyptian Monotheism etc., pp. xviii — xix.
6Merton, «An Egyptian treasure: Great find at Thebes: Lord Carnarvon's long quest»; «Doctor Petrie's views: Unique finds», The Times, 30 November 1922, p. 13.
7'The Egyptian find: Lord Carnarvon's hopes: Difficulties of photography: The unopened chamber», The Times 18 December 1922, p. 14.
8Telegram from Howard Carter to Alan H Gardiner, date unknown, c. early December 1922, quoted in Vandenberg, The Forgotten Pharaoh, p. 125.
9'The Egyptian treasure: The importance of the find: Dr. A Gardiner's views», The Times 4 December 1922, p. 7.
10Carter and Mace, The Tomb of Tut.ankhAmen, I, p. viii.
11Carter and Mace, I, p. viii.
12Herbert, account of discovery of Tutankhamun's tomb (copy), c. 1922—3, British Library Manuscript Collection, RP 17991.
13Reeves, «Tutankhamun and his Papyri», GS 88 (1985), pp. 39–45.
14Ibid., p. 39.
15Ibid.
16Belzoni, Narrative, p. 235 f.; cf. Belzoni, Description of the Egyptian Tomb, 1821, 10, quoted in Ibid., p. 40.
17 List of Egyptian Antiquities belonging to Ну. Salt Esqr. forwarded to the British Museum, one of two MSS in the Department of Egyptian Antiquities, the British Museum, quoted in ibid, p. 40.
18Ibid., p. 40, cf. Arundale, Bonomi and Birch, Gallery, 47.
19Ibid., pp. 40—1. The item in question is British Museum No. EA882.
20Ibid, pp. 40, 44 n. 14.
21Reeves and Taylor, Howard Carter: Before Tutankhamun, p. 18.
22Reeves, 1985, p. 41.
23Reeves, The Complete Tutankhamun, 1995, p. 129.
24Budge, p. xii.
25Brackman, The Search for the Gold of Tutankhamen, p. 180.
26Hoving, p. 311.
27Keedick, op. cit.

 

ЧАСТЬ ТРЕТЬЯ. МОИСЕЙ
ГЛАВА ПЯТНАДЦАТАЯ. ЭПОХА ИСХОДА
1Ex. 1: 8. All biblical quotations and references are taken from the Revised King James Bible, unless otherwise indicated
2Ex. 1: 11.
3Ex. 1: 12.
4Ex. 1: 14.
5Ex. 2: 1.
6Ex. 2: 3.
7Ex. 2: 10.
8Acts 7: 22.
9Josephus, Antiquities of the Jews, II, x, 1–2.
10Ех. 3: 1.
11Ex. 3: 2–3.
12Ех. 3: 7–8.
13Ех. 3: 14.
14Ех. 3: 14–15.
15Ех. 14: 21.
16Ех. 16: 1.
17Ех. 19: 11.
18Ех. 33: 6.
19Ех. 32: 4.
20Deut. 34: 1.
21Deut. 34: 6.
22Keedick, «Howard Carter», unpublished memoirs, c. 1924.
23Easton, The Illustrated Bible Dictionary, s.v. «Pharaoh», pp. 538—42, which describes Rameses II as Pharaoh of the Oppression.
24Gen. 45: 10; 46: 28, 29, 34.
25Gen. 47: 11.
26Num. 13: 22 27Ps. 78: 12, 43.
28Easton, s.v. «Zo» an», pp. 713—14.
29Bietak, «Avaris and Piramesse: Archaeological Exploration in the Eastern Nile Delta», PBA 65 (1979), pp. 228—9.
30Adam, «Recent discoveries in the Eastern Delta», ASAE 55 (1958), pp. 306, 318-20.
31 Ibid., p. 320.
32Ibid., p. 323; Habachi, «Khata» na-Qantir, Importance», ASAE 52 (1952), p. 443.
33See Adam, pp. 322—4.
34Habachi, pp. 443—4.
35Van Seters, The Hyksos: a new investigation, pp. 127—51.
36Naville, The Geography of the Exodus», JEA 10 (1924), pp. 28–32.
37Wan Seters, pp. 148—9.
38Bietak., pp. 247—53.
39Ibid, p. 269.
40Ibid, р. 273.
41Ibid., р. 279-
42Easton, s.v. «Pharaoh», pp. 538—42.
43Pritchard, Ancient Near Eastern Texts Relating to the Old Testament, «Hymn of Victory of Mer-ne-Ptah (The «Israel Stela»)», pp. 376—8.
44Ibid, p. 378.
45Lichtheim, Ancient Egyptian Literature, pp. 57–73.
46Pritchard, p. 378 n. 19.
47Lichtheim, pp. 77.
48P Anastasi VI, 4: 11—5:5, in Redford, Egypt, Canaan, and Israel in Ancient Times, p. 228.
49Naville, The Store-city of Pithom and the Route of the Exodus, pp. 4–5.
50Ibid.
51Ibid., p. 4.
52Ibid., pp. 13–14, 28.
53Ibid, pp. 4, 10, 12–13.
54Ibid., pp. 12–13.
55Ibid., pp. 11–12. See Ex. 5:7–8.
56Holladay, Cities of the Delta, pi. Ill: Tell el Maskhuta: Preliminary Report on the Wadi Tumilat Project 1978–1979, pp. 10–27.
57Millard, «How Reliable Is Exodus?», BAR 24:4 (July/August 2000), p. 55.
58A11 dates for biblical events are taken from Easton, The Illustrated Bible Dictionary, Appendix I–Chronological tables, pp. 715–727. However, Wright, The Illustrated Bible Treasury, p. 173, gives 973 BC as the date for the foundation of Solomon's Temple.
59Ex. 12: 40.
60Bimson, «A Chronology for the Middle Kingdom and Israel's Egyptian Bondage», SISR3 (1979), pp. 64—9.
61Ibid.
62Wilson, The Exodus Enigma, p. 20.
63Ibid.

 

ГЛАВА ШЕСТНАДЦАТАЯ. ЕГИПТЯНИН ПО ИМЕНИ МОИСЕЙ
1Weigall, The Life and Times of Akhenaten.
2Weigall, Tutankhamen And Other Essays, p. 100.
3Ibid., pp. 101—2.
4See Manetho, trans., Waddell, p. xiv.
5Weigall, p. 107.
6Manetho, Aegyptiaca, quoted in Josephus, Flavius Josephus Against Apion, trans. Whiston, I, 26.
7Ibid.
8Ibid.
9Ibid.
10Ibid.
11 Ibid.
12Ibid.
13Manetho, trans. Waddell, fr. 54,1. 237.
14Manetho, trans. Whiston, I, 26.
15Ibid., Osarsiph, or Osarseph in Manetho, trans. Waddell, fr. 54,1. 238.3.
16Manetho, trans. Whiston, I, 26.
17Ibid. I, 14.
18Manetho, trans. Waddell, fr. 54,1. 246.
19Manetho, trans. Whiston, I, 26.
20Ibid.
21Ibid. It is «grandfather Rapses» in Manetho, trans. Waddell, fr. 54,1. 245.
22Manetho, trans. Whiston, I, 27.
23Weigall, pp. 108-9.
24Ibid., p. 109.
25Ibid., p. 110.
26Ibid., p. 111.
27Ibid.
28Ibid., p. 112.
29Ibid.
30See Greenberg, The Hab/piru, and Na» aman, «Habiru and Hebrews: the transfer of a social term to the literary sphere», JNES 45: 4 (1986), pp. 271—88; Rowton, «Dimorphic structure and the problem of the «Apiru-«Ibrim», JNES 35:1 (1976), pp. 13–20.
31Weigall, pp. 115-6.
32See Meyer, Geschichte des Altertums, ii, pp. 421, 424-5, and Meyer, Aegyptische Chronologie, pp. 92—5.
33Budge, Tutankhamen, Amenism, Atenism and Egyptian Monotheism etc., p. xiii.
34Freud, Moses and Monotheism, pp. 97—8.
35Ibid., p, 42.
36Ex. 12: 12.
37Weigall,p. 111.
38Hecataeus of Abdera, quoted in Diodorus Siculus, Bib-liotheca Historica, 40, 1–8.
39Ibid., 40, 1.
40Ibid., 40, 3.
41Apion, Aegyptiaca, quoted in Josephus, II, 2.
42Redford, Akhenaten: the Heretic King p. 152.
43Weigall, p. 110.
44Budge, Gods of the Egyptians, I, p. 471; II, p. 361.
45Aldred, Akhenaten — King of Egypt, pp. 43, 260;
46Redford, pp. 146—7.
47Aldred, pp. 87, 273.
48Apion, in Josephus, II, 2.

 

ГЛАВА СЕМНАДЦАТАЯ. БОЖЬИ КАРЫ
1Manetho, Aegyptiaca, quoted in Josephus, «Flavius Josephus Against Apion», trans. Whiston, I, 26.
2Ibid.
3Ibid.
4Ibid.
5Redford, Pharaonic King-Lists, Annals and Day-books, 1986, p. 293.
6Assmann, Moses the Egyptian: The Memory of Egypt in Western Monotheism, p. 39.
7For an extensive discussion on the relationship between the Hyksos, the Thera eruption and the Tempest Stela see Chapter 16, Note 49- See also Redford, Egypt, Canaan, and Israel in Ancient Times, 1992, pp. 419—20.
8Aldred, Akhenaten: King of Egypt, pp. 173—4.
9Ibid., p. 174.
10Pendlebury, «Summary report on the excavations at Tell el-«Amarnah 1935–1936», JEA 22 (1936), p. 198.
11Ibid.
12See Pendlebury, pp. 197—8.
13Aldred, p. 174.
14Pendlebury, p. 198.
15Aldred, p. 180.
16See, for example, Reeves, Akhenaten; Egypt's False Prophet, pp. 75–78.
17Assmann, p. 26.
18See Pausanias, Description of Greece, 1,42.
19Aldred, p. 164.
20Mahdy, Tutankhamun: The Life and Death of a Boy King p. 175.
21Manetho, trans. Whiston, I, 26.
22Aldred, p. 164.
23Manetho, trans. Whiston, I, 26.
24Manetho, trans. Waddell, fr. 54,1. 232.
25Ibid., fr. 50, 1. 96, from Josephus, Contra Apionem, who gives the reign of Orus as 36 years 5 months; fr. 51, from Theophilus, Ad Autolyc. iii. 19, who gives 36 years 5 months; fr. 52, from Syncellus, according to Africanus, who gives 37 years; fr. 53 (a), from Syncellus, according to Eusebius, who gives 36 years (38 years in another copy); 53 (b) Armenian version of Eusebius, which gives 28 years.
26Ibid., fr. 50, 1. 96, from Josephus, Contra Apionem, who gives the reign ofAmenophisas 30 years 10 months; fr. 51, from Theophilus, Ad Autolyc. iii. 19, who gives 30 years 10 months; fr. 52, from Syncellus, according to Africanus, who gives 31 years; fr. 53 (a), from Syncellus, according to Eusebius, who gives 31 years; 53 (b) Armenian version of Eusebius, which gives 31 years.
27Ibid., fr. 50,1. 96, from Josephus, Contra Apionem, who gives the names of 18 kingsof the Eighteenth Dynasty; fr. 51, from Theophilus, Ad Autolyc. iii. 19, who gives 18 kings; fr. 52, from Syncellus, according to Africanus, who gives 16 kings; fr. 53 (a), from Syncellus, according to Eusebius, who gives 14 kings (but Syncellus elsewhere says he leaves out two kings); 53 (b) Armenian version of Eusebius, which gives 14 kings.
28Ibid., fr. 52, from Syncellus, according to Africanus; fr. 53 (a), from Syncellus, according to Eusebius; fr. 53 (b), Armenian version of Eusebius: «This is the king who was reputed to be Memnon, a speaking stone».
29Manetho, trans. Waddell, fr. 50,1. 96, from Josephus, Contra Apionem, who gives thereign of Acencheres as 12 years 1 month; fr. 51, from Theophilus, Ad Autolyc. iii. 19, who gives the reign of Acencheres as 12 years 1 month; fr. 52, from Syncellus, according to Africanus, who gives the reign of Acherres as 12 years; fr. 53 (a), fromSyncellus, according to Eusebius, who gives the reign of Achencherses as 12 years; 53 (b), Armenian version of Eusebius, which gives the reign of Achencheres as 16 years.
30Ibid., fr. 50, from Josephus, Contra Apionem; fr. 51, from Theophilus, Ad Autolyc. iii. 19.
31Ibid., fr. 50, from Josephus Contra Apionem; fr. 51, from Theophilus, Ad Autolyc. iii. 19.
32Ibid., fr. 52, from Syncellus, according to Africanus.
33Ibid., fr. 53 (a), from Syncellus, according to Eusebius; fr. 53 (b), Armenian version of Eusebius.
34Ibid., fr. 50,1. 96, from Josephus, Contra Apionem, who gives the reign of Ramessesas 1 year 4 months; fr. 51, from Theophilus, Ad Autolyc, iii. 19, who gives him 1 year 4 months; fr. 52, from Syncellus, according to Africanus, who gives him 1 year; fr. 53 (a), from Syncellus, according to Eusebius, who gives him 68 years; 53 (b), Armenian version of Eusebius, which gives him 68 years.
35Ibid., fr. 50, 1. 96, from Josephus, Contra Apionem, who gives the reign of Harmals as 4 years 1 month; fr. 51, from Theophilus, Ad Autolyc, iii. 19, who gives the reign of Harmais as 4 years 1 month; fr. 52, from Syncellus, according to Africanus, who gives the reign of Armesis as 5 years; fr. 53 (a), from Syncellus, according to Eusebius, who gives the reign of «Armais, also called Danaus» as 5 years; 53 (b), Armenian version of Eusebius, which gives the reign of Armais, also called Danaus» as 5 years.
36Ibid., fr. 53 (a), from Syncellus, according to Eusebius.
37Ibid., fr. 53 (b), Armenian version of Eusebius.
38Ibid., fr. 53 (a), Syncellus's additional note to Eusebius's text.
39See Manetho, trans. Waddell, fr. 52, from Africanus.
40For a full resume of these different Graeco-Egyptian and Graeco-Roman Exodus accounts, see Redford, 1986, pp. 282—96.
41See, for instance, Lysimachos, Aegyptiaca, from Josephus, Contra Apionem, trans. Waddell, I, 34.
42Ibid.
43Ibid.
44Ibid., I, 35.
45Cheremon, quoted in ibid., I, 33.
46Ibid.
47Pompeius Trogus, quoted in Assmann, p. 36.
48Bower, Scotichronicon, I, 9.
49 Ibid.
50Ibid., I, 12.
51Ibid., I, 14.
52Ibid., I, 15.
53Ibid., I, 18.
54Ibid.
55For the descendants of Scota colonising the Irish DilRiata, see Lebor Gabala Erenn: The book of the taking of Ireland, Bk. 5, VIII, 384-6. Bk. 5, VIII, 387.
56For Scota going to Scotland see the «Pleading of Baldred Biset», 1301, as referenced in the Intro, to Bower, p. xx.
57For Scota going straight to Ireland see «Instructions», 1301, as referenced in the Intro, to Bower, p. xx.
58For Scota going first to Ireland and then on to Scotland see Chron. Piets-Scots, 106— 16 and SEHI, 609—10, as referenced in the Intro, to Bower, p. xix. Here Scota is the wife of Neius or Niulus, a Greek, the son of a certain Lacedaemonian Aeneas, a prince of the Choriscii.
59See the «Pleading of Baldred Biset», f 301, as referenced in the Intro, to Bower, p. xx.
60Nennius, Historia Brittonum, 15.
61Bower, I, 10.
62See Evans, Kingdom of the Ark.
63Moran, The Amama Letters, EA35, 11–15.
64Aldred, p. 283.
65Ibid.
66Goetze, «The Plague Prayers of Mursilis» in Pritchard (ed.), Ancient Near Eastern Textsre lating to the Old Testament, KUB, xiv, 8; KUB, xxiv, 3, pp. 394—6.
67Ibid. KUB, xiv, 8, p. 394.
68Ibid., KUB, xiv, 8, p. 395.
69Ibid., KUB, xxiv, 3, p. 396.
70Kitchen, Suppiluliuma and the Amama Pharaohs: A Study in Relative Chronology, p. 47.
71Moran, EA11, 5—14.
72Phillips, Act of God, pp. 301—2.
73Ex. 11: 1.
74Ex. 12: 29–30.
75Phillips, pp. 302—3.
76Gardiner, Egypt of the Pharaohs, pp. 244—5.
77Redford, 1986, p. 282.

 

ЧАСТЬ ЧЕТВЕРТАЯ. ЯХВЕ
ГЛАВА ВОСЕМНАДЦАТАЯ. В ПОИСКАХ ЯХВЕ
1Giveon, «Toponymes quest-Asiatiques a Soleb», in VT 14,1964, pp. 239—55; Giveon, Les Bedouins Shosou des documents Egyptians, 1971, pp. 24—8.
2Giveon, 1964, pp. 244—5; Giveon, 1971, pp. 25—7.
3Giveon, 1964, pp. 244—5; Giveon, 1971, p. 27.
4Redford, Egypt, Canaan, and Israel in Ancient Times, p. 272 n. 70, cf. P. Harris I, 76:9 («Se» ir with the Shasu clans»).
5Ward, «The Shasu «Bedouin»: notes on a recent publication», JESHO 15 (1972), pp. 50-1.
6Ibid.
7Grdseloff, «Edom, d'apres les sources egyptiennes», RHJE 1 (1947), p. 74 n. 1, after Champillion and Sethe.
8P Anastasi IV, 18, quoted in Redford, p. 228.
9Bedford, p. 203.
10Redford, p. 270. See also Moran, The Amama Letters, EA 285: 5–6.
11Barkay, «What's an Egyptian Temple doing in Jerusalem?», BAR 26:3 (May/June 2000), pp. 48–57, 67.
12Redford, p. 271. See also Moran, EA 287.
13Redford, p. 275; Ward, p. 46
14Redford, p. 275.
15Giveon, 1971, pp. 235—6.
16Ward, p. 52, cf. P Anastasi I, 19, 1–4 & 23, 7–8.
17Ibid., p. 53.
18Ibid., p. 54.
19Giveon, The Shasu of the Late XXth Dynasty», JARCE 8 (1969-70), p. 52.
20Giveon, 1971, pp. 48—9-
21Giveon, 1969—70, pp. 51—3.
22Giveon, 1971, p. 28.
23Ibid., p. 28.
24Ibid., p. 236.
25See Grdseloff, pp. 86, 98—9.
26Ibid., pp. 81-2.
27Redford, pp. 272-3.
28Giveon, 1971, pp. 74—7; Grdseloff, pp. 79–83.
29Gen. 32: 38.
30See Greenberg, The Hab/piru, and Na'aman, «Habiru and Hebrews: the transfer of a social term to the literary sphere», JNES 45: 4 (1986), pp. 271—88; Rowton, «Dimorphic structure and the problem of the «Apiru-'Ibrtm», JNE§ 35:1 (1976), pp. 13–20.
31Ех. 3: 1.
32Easton, The Illustrated Bible Dictionary, s.v. «Horeb», p. 336.
33Ex. 3: 14.
34Ex. 3: 15, trans. Propp. Exodus 1—18: A New Translation with Introduction and Commentary, p. 6.
35Propp, p. 204.
36Ex. 6: 3.
37Gen. 33: 20.
38Ex. 15: 17.
39Ex. 15: 17, trans. Propp, p. 22.
40Ex. 3: 5.
41Ex. 19: 11, 18, 20, 23.
42Ex. 33: 6.
43Ex. 32: 15.
44 Kings 19: 8.
451 Kings 19: 9.
461 Kings 19: 3.
47Harel, The Sinai Journeys: The Route of the Exodus, p. 181.
48Ibid.
49Ibid.
50Ibid.
51 Ibid.
52Petrie, Researches in Sinai, pp. 251—2.
53Ibid., pp. 252-3.
54Ex. 13: 17.
55Ex. 13: 18.
56Propp, pp. 339, 486—7.
57Ex. 15: 22.
58Lucas, The Route of the Exodus of the Israelites from Egypt, pp. 32—3. Ex. 15: 27. Lucas, p. 48. 1 Kings 9: 26. Ex. 16: 1. Ex. 17: 1–6.
59Ex. 15: 27
60Lucas, p. 48.
611 Kings 9: 26.
62Ex. 16: 1
63Ex. 17: 1–6.
64Ех. 19: 1–2.
65Finkelstein and Silberman, The Bible Unearthed: Archaeology's New Vision of Ancient Israel and the Origin of its Sacred Texts, p. 13.
66Deut. 33: 2.
67Jud. 5: 3–5.
68Redford, p. 272 n. 70, cf. E Moment, Kemi 5 (1937), pi. Ill («despoiler of the land of the Shasu, plunderer of the mountain of Se» ir»); Ward, pp. 50-1.
69Redford, p. 272 n. 70, cf. P Anastasi vi. 54–56 («clans of the Shasu of Edom»); Giveon, 1971, pp. 235—6.
70Deut. 2: 10.
71Deut. 2: 11.
72Gen. 6: 4, Num. 13: 33. See Collins, From, the Ashes of Angels, for a full account of the relationship between the Anakim, Nephilim and the Watchers of the «Book of Enoch».
73Gen. 36: 20.
74Gen. 14: 6
75Deut. 2: 12, 16.
76Gen. 36: 8.
77Gen. 36: 20.
78Odelain and Seguineau, Dictionary of Proper Names and Places in the Bible, s.v. «Horites», p. 164.
79Pritchard, Ancient Near Eastern Texts relating to the Old Testament, «Hymn of Victory of Mer-ne-Ptah (The «Israel Stela»)», p. 378 n. 19.
80Easton, s.v. «Se» ir», p. 611.
81Gen. 36: 9.
82Gen. 36: 8.
83Bamberger, Fallen Angels, p. 154.
84Ibid.
85Lev. 9: 3, 15; 10: 16.
86Lev. 16: 9—10.
87See Collins, From the Ashes of Angels, p. 252.
88Bamberger, p. 154, cf. Pirfee d'R Eliezer, ed. D Luria, Warsaw, 1852; Bereshit Rabba, ed. J. Theodor and Ch. Albeck, Berlin, 1912-29.
89Ibid.
90Bamberger, p. 155.
91Gen. 25: 30-1.
92Gen. 36: 16; 1 Chr. 1: 36
93Neilsen, The Site of the Biblical Mount Sinai: A claim for Petra, p. 11.
94Num. 20: 14–21.

 

ГЛАВА ДЕВЯТНАДЦАТАЯ. ЛУННАЯ ГОРА
1Vaux, The Bible and the Ancient Near East, p. 152.
22 Kings 22: 2.
32 Chron. 25: 1.
42 Chron. 25: 14.
5Eze. 35: 3–5.
6Mackenzie, The Myths of Babylonia and Assyria, p. 52. 7Ibid.
8Gen. 10: 22, 11: 10, 24-7, 22: 21.
9Gen. 11: 26.
101 Chron. 1: 32.
11Gen. 11: 28, 31, 15: 7.
12Gen. 11: 2.
13Woolley, Ur of the Chaldees, p. 14.
14Ibid.
15Gilbert, Magi: The quest for a secret tradition, p. 177.
16Ibid.
17Ibid.
18Gundiiz, The Knowledge of Ufe» JSS 3 (1994), pp. 32-3, 35.
19Gen. 12: 1–5.
20Gen. 12: 6.
2'Gen. 12: 8.
22Jg. 21: 19.
23Easton, The Illustrated Bible Dictionary, s.v. «Si» nai», p. 634.
24Giinduz, p. 201.
25Ibid., p. 200.
26Ibid., p. 224.
27Ibid.
28Ibid, p. 44.
29Ibid.
30Ibid., p. 224; Drawer, The Mandaeans of Iraq and Iran, pp: 265—9.
31Drower, p. 266.
32Ibid.
33Gtinduz, p. 225.
34Ibid., p. 207.
35Ibid.
36Oesterley and Robinson, Hebrew Religion: Its Origin and Development, p. 65.
37Ibid., p. 128. See also Nielsen, Die altarabische Mondreli-gion und die mosaische Ueberlieferung 1904, p. 50.
38Ibid.
39Ex. 12: 12–28.
40Deut. 16: 1: «Observe the month of Abib and keep the passover unto the Lord thy God». See also Oesterley and Robinson, p. 128; Nielsen, Handbuch der Altarabischen Altertums-kunde, 1927, i, 244.
41Propp, Exodus 1 —18: A New Translation with Introduction and Commentary, p. 392.
42Ex. 12: 9.
43Ex. 12: 46.
44Oesterley and Robinson, p. 131.
45Nielsen, The Site of the Biblical Mount Sinai: A claim for Petra, 1928, p. 21.
46Ibid., p. 23.
47At the Council of Nicea in AD 325 it was decided that since the Last Supper is thought to have occurred on the feast of the Passover (most probably on the Feast of the Unleavened Bread), then Easter Day should be celebrated on the first Sunday either on or after the full moon that follows the spring equinox in the northern hemisphere. This Roman calculation of Easter Day was imposed on the Church of England at the Synod of Whitby in AD 664.
48Propp, p. 399.
49Num. 29: 12–13.
50Num. 29: 17.
51Num. 29: 20.
52Num. 20: 32.
53Oesterley and Robinson, pp. 128—9. For a review of the lunar cult among the Semitic peoples of the Near East see Nielsen, 1901, pp. 50 ff., and 1927, i, pp. 213-24.
54Gunduz, pp. 2, 12, 37, 51, 119, 131
55Ibid., p. 83, 118-19.
56Num. 1: 1.
57Num. 9: 1.
58Num. 10: 12.
59Num. 10: 33, 35.
60Easton, s.v. «Paran», p. 521.
61Num. 11: 35.
62Num. 13: 21.
63Num. 13: 26.

 

ГЛАВА ДВАДЦАТАЯ. В ПОИСКАХ ВЫСОТЫ
1Num. 20: 16.
2Num. 20: 11.
3Num. 20: 8.
4Num. 20: 11.
5Num. 27: 14; Deut. 32: 51-2.
6Num. 27: 14.
7Easton, The Illustrated Bible Dictionary, s.v. «Meribah», pp. 458-9.
8Deut. 32: 51.
9Stanley, Sinai and Palestine in connection with their history, p. 67.
10The Koran, Sura 2: 60.
11Zayadine, «Caravan Routes Between Egypt and Nabataea and the Voyage of Sultan Baibars to Petra in 1276» in Hadadi, Studies in the history and Archaeology of Jordan, II, p. 173, quoting al-Nuwairi's MS No. 1578, Bibliotheque Nationale, Paris.
12Ibid, p. 169.
13Ibid, p. 170. al spring is more likely to be the true site of Ain Musa.
14Josephus, Antiquities oj the Jews, I, xii, 4.
15Zayadine, p. 173, Quoting Nuwairi.
16Browning, Petra, p. 128.
17Stanley, p. 95.
18Stanley, p. 89, quoting Sheikh Mohammed, source unknown.
19Zayadine, p. 173, Quoting Nuwairi.
202 Kings 14: 7; 2 Chron. 25: 11–12.
21Zayadine, p. 167.
22Browning, pp. 26—7.
23Finkelstein and Silberman, The Bible Unearthed, p. 63.
24Ibid.,'pp. 95—6.
25The Targums of Onkelos, Jonathan and Jerusalem refer to Kadesh-barnea as Rekem-Giah, «of the ravine». See Stanley, p. 94 n. 3.
26Nielsen, The site of the biblical Mount Sinai: A claim for Petra, p. 9, cf. the Targum of Deut. 1: 19.
27Rekem, or Rokan, was an ancient name for Petra, see Jerome, De hoc. Heb voc. Petra and Rekem, quoted in Stanley, p. 94 n. 3. See also Josephus, Antiquities of the Jews, IV, vii, 1, who states that Petra was called Arecem, after a Midianite king named Rekem. He says also that Mount Hor lay above Arke, i.e. Arecem, or Rekem.
28Browning, p. 114.
29Stanley, p. 94 n. 3, cf. Schwarz, pp. 23—4.
30Josephus, iy iv, 5.
31Ibid., IV, iv, 6.
32Ibid.
33Ibid., IV, iv, 7.
34Jerome, De hoc. Heb. Voc. Petra and Rekem, as quoted in Stanley, p. 94 n. 3 & 4.
35Num. 20: 1.
36Ex. 17: 1. 37» Ex. 17: 6–7.
37Ex. 17: 6–7.
38Stanley, p. 95.
40Browning, р. 185.
41Ibid.,p. 211.
42Ibid., p. 212.
43Ibid.
44For instance, see The Koran, Sura 2: 54, 28: 17.
45Browning, p. 212.
46Ibid., pp. 214-16.
47Ex. 24: 5.
48Ex. 24: 6.
49Browning, p. 213.
50Ibid., pp. 215-16.
51Ibid., p. 216.
52Nielsen, p. 16.
53The betyl is orientated at an angle of 251 degrees from north.
54Nielsen, p. 16.
55Ibid.
56Ibid.
57Ibid.
58Ibid. See also Nielsen,
59Glueck, The Other Side of the Jordan, p. 178.
60Personal communication between Andrew Collins and Ahmad Muammar, an archaeologist and tour guide from Wadi Musa, in March 2002.
61See Robertson Smith, The Religion of the Semites, pp. 201—12, for a full account of the veneration of pillars among the early Semites.
62Personal communication between Andrew Collins and Ahmad Muammar in March 2002.
63Browning, pp. 46—7.
64Ibid., pp. 108, 210-11.
65Personal communication between Andrew Collins and Ahmad Muammar in March 2002.
66Browning, p. 48.
67Gunduz, «The Knowledge of Life», JSS 3 (1994), pp. 83, 118-19.
68Ibid.,p. 154.
69Ibid., p. 138.
70Ibid., p. 154.
71Rev. 17: 3–6. For the association between Venus and Babylon see Hislop, The Two Babylons, or the papal worship proved to be the worship of Nimrud and his wife, pp. 5–6. 72Nielsen, p. 21.
73Nielsen, p. 21.

 

ГЛАВА ДВАДЦАТЬ ПЕРВАЯ. ДОМ БОЖИЙ
1See Nielsen, Die altarabische Mondreligion und die mosaische Ueberlieferung 1904, pp. 171—6.
2Num. 20: 22.
3Num. 20: 25–29.
4Josephus, Antiquities of the Jews, IV iv, 6–7; IV, vii, 1.
5Ibid., IV, iv, 7.
6Deut. 32: 51-2.
7Deut. 34: 1–5.
8Deut. 52: 50.
9Nielsen, The Site of the Biblical Mount Sinai: A claim for Petra, p. 19.
10This story of Nabi Harun was related to Andrew Collins by Mu» tasim Nawafleh, the head barman of the Petra Forum Hotel, Petra, in March 2002.
11Browning, Petra, p. 172.
12Nielsen, 1928, p. 22; Ex. 24: 9.
13Ex. 24: 10.
14Ex. 24: 15.
15Personal communication between Andrew Collins and Ahmad Muammar in March 2002.
16Ibid.
17Ibid.
18Ex. 3: 5.
19Phillips, The Moses Legacy.
20Browning, p. 212.
21Ibid., pp. 196-7.
22Nielsen, 1928, pp. 15–16.
23Ibid., pp. 15–16,18-19-
24Ех. 15: 17, trans. Propp, Exodus 1—18: A New Translation with Introduction andCommentary, p. 22.
25Giveon, Les Bedouins Shosou des documents Egyptians, p. 28.
26Ibid., p. 236.
27Habak 3: 3.
28Gen. 36: 11, 15,42.
29Amos 1: 12.
30Easton, The Illustrated Bible Dictionary, s.v. «Bozrah», p. 107.
31Jer. 49: 7; Ezek. 25: 13.
32Obad. 8–9.
33Hastings, Encyclopaedia of Religion and Ethics, s.v. «Phoenicians», ix, p. 893.
34Sanchoniatho, in Philo, as quoted in Cory, Ancient Fragments, p. 4.
35Gen. 25: 25.
36Gen. 25: 27.
37Sanchoniatho, in Philo, as quoted in Cory, p. 5.
38Ibid.
39Ex. 18: 1.

 

ГЛАВА ДВАДЦАТЬ ВТОРАЯ. ЗАВОЕВАНИЕ ХАНААНА
1Num. 14: 45; 21: 3.
2Num. 21: 1–2.
3Odelain and Seguineau, Dictionary of Proper Names and Places in the Bible, s.v. «Arail, p. 34; s.v. «Hormah», p. 164.
4Num. 21:4.
5Num. 21: 11.
6Finkelstein and Silberman, The Bible Unearthed, p. 64.
7Ibid.
8Num. 21: 4.
9Num. 21: 11.
10Num. 23: 1–6.
11Deut. 34: 1–4.
12Deut. 34: 5.
13Deut. 34: 6.
14Num. 25: 3; Josh. 22: 17–18.
15Num. 25: 1–6; 31: 16. 16Num. 25: 9.
17Num. 32: 39.
18Num. 21: 33-5.
19Num. 22: 2,4.
20Jos. 9: 17–27; 10: 12–13.
21Jos. 10: 28–39.
22Num. 31: 1-12.
23Num. 21: 25.
24Num. 21: 33.
25Jos. 5: 10–15; 6: 1-27.
26Jos. 7: 2–5; 8: 1-29.
27Jos. 11: 10–13.
28Jos. 11: 11–13.
29Easton, The Illustrated Bible Dictionary, s.v. «Lachish», p. 413.
30Jos. 10: 31-2.
31Silberman, «Visions of the Future: Albright in Jerusalem», BA 56:1 (1993), pp. 8-16.
32See, for example, Redford, Egypt, Canaan and Israel in Ancient Times, p. 265.
33See Alt, Essays on Old Testament History and Religion.
34Silberman, 1992, pp. 25—6.
35Mendenhall, «The Hebrew Conquest of Palestine», BA 25:3 (1962), pp. 66–87.
36Ibid., p. 73.
37Ibid.
38See Gottwald, The Tribes ofYahweh.
39Mendenhall, p. 73.
40Ibid.
41Ibid., p. 74.
42Ibid.
43Finkelstein and Silberman, p. 104.
44Mazar, «The «Bull Site» — An Iron Age I Open Cult Place», BASOR 247 (1937), pp. 27–42. See also ibid., p. 109-
45Mazar, p. 30.
46Finkelstein and Silberman, p. 109.
47Ibid., p. 119.
48Ibid.
49Ibid., pp. 43-7.
50Ex. 12: 37
51Finkelstein and Silberman, pp. 112—13. See also Silberman, «Who Were the Israelites?», Archaeology 45:2 (1992), pp. 22–30.
52See Whitelam, The Invention of Ancient Israel: The Silencing of Palestinian History, pp. 164—7.
53See Finkelstein and Silberman, p. 129.
54Josephus, Wars of the Jews, VI, ix, 3.

 

ЧАСТЬ ПЯТАЯ. СИОН
ГЛАВА ДВАДЦАТЬ ТРЕТЬЯ. ВОЗВРАЩЕНИЕ В СИОН
1Comay, Who's Who in Jewish History after the period of the Old Testament, s.v. «Rothschild family», p. 313.
2Luke, 21: 25.
3Luke, 21: 26—8.
4See Gidney, The history of the London Society for Promoting Christianity amongst the Jews from 1809 to 1908.
5Michell, Eccentric Lives and Peculiar Notions, p. 169.
6Ibid., p. 170.
7Herzl, Derjudenstaat: Versuch einer modemen Losung der Judenfrage… Dritte Auflage.
8Ps. 137: 5. See Weizmann, Trial and Error: The Autobiography of Chaim Weizmann, p. 125.
9Dugdale, Arthur James Balfour: First Earl of Balfour, etc., vol. 1, pp. 434—5.
10Weizmann, p. 164.
11Ibid, p. 165.
12Ibid, p. 192.
13Dugdale, p. 433.
14Ibid.
15Weizmann, p. 200.
16Ibid., pp. 191, 224.
17Ibid., pp. 191–192.
18Pope and Wheal, The Macmillan Dictionary of the First World War, s.v. «United States of America», p. 487.
19John, Behind the Balfour Declaration: The Hidden Origins of Today's Mideast Crisis, p. 58.
20Landman, Great Britain, the Jews and Palestine, p. 4.
21John, p. 58.
22Ibid., p. 59.
23Landman, p. 4.
24John, p. 60.
25Ibid.
26Ibid., pp. 62—3.
27Ibid., p. 63.
28Landman, p. 5.
29Landman, p. 4.
30Ibid., p. 5, cf. the Franco-British Convention, December 1920 (Cmd. 1195).
31Ibid.
32John, p. 67.
33Ibid.
34Weizmann, p. 256.
35Ibid., p. 266.

 

ГЛАВА ДВАДЦАТЬ ЧЕТВЕРТАЯ. ДАМОКЛОВ МЕЧ
1See Graves, Lawrence and the Arabs.
2Weizmann, Trial and Error, p. 293.
3See Westrate, The Arab Bureau: British Policy in the Middle East, 1916—20.
4Weizmann, p. 319.
5Ibid., quoting an account from 1923 by Philip Graves, Times correspondent at the time of the Jerusalem pogrom.
6Ibid., p. 320, quoting an account from 1923 by Philip Graves, Times correspondent at the time of the Jerusalem pogrom.
7Ibid, pp. 348-9.
8Ibid, p. 349.
9Ibid, pp. 350-1.
10Ibid, p. 350.
11Ibid, p. 351.
12Ibid.
13Ibid, pp. 351—2.
14Ibid, p. 343.
15Ibid, p. 353.
16Ibid, p. 355.
17Ibid, p. 348.
18Ibid, p. 360.
19Ibid, p. 364.
20Shepherd, Ploughing Sand: British Rule in Palestine 1917–1948, p. 39.
21 Ibid.
22Ibid.
23The reference here to the «Egyptian Government» does not, of course, mean theZaghlul government of 1924, but the one officiating in Tutankhamun's day.
24From Lee Keedick's memoirs, headed «Howard Carter».
25Ibid.
26Weizmann, p. 562.
27Hoving, Tutankhamun — The Untold Story, p. 348.

 

ГЛАВА ДВАДЦАТЬ ПЯТАЯ. СУДЬБА ПРОПАВШИХ ПАПИРУСОВ
1From Lee Keedick's memoirs, headed «Howard Carter», c. 1924.
2Ferguson, The House of Rothschild: The World's Banker 1849–1998, p. 247.
3Carnarvon, No Regrets, p. 6.
4Greenwood, Highclere Castle, «Smoking Room»: «The table was probably brought to Highclere by the fifth Countess who was an illegitimate daughter of the wealthy Alfred de Rothschild».
5Identified by the authors during a visit to Highclere on Friday, 3 August 2001.
6Ferguson, p. 247; Carnarvon, pp. 6, 115.
7Ibid., p. 21.
8Ibid.
9Hyde, Norman Birkett: The Life of Lord Birkettpf Ulverston, p. 149.
10Ibid.
11Ibid., pp. 133-56.
12Personal interview between Tony Leadbetter, a surviving godson of Almina, Countess of Carnarvon, and the authors on 3 August 2001.
13Ibid..
14Personal interview between Tony Leadbetter and the authors on 3 August 2001.
15The Egyptian Gazette, 30 March 1923.
16Ferguson, p. 247.
17Comay, Who's Who in Jewish History after the period of the Old Testament, Rothschild Family, p. 307.
18Ferguson, p. 281.
19Comay, SV, Rothschild Family, p. 313.
20Ferguson, p. 452.
21Weizmann, Trial and Error, p. 205.
22Ibid., p. 204.
23Hoving, Tutankhamun — The Untold Story, p. 221. Hoving accepts that Carnarvon's decline in health began prior to the fatal mosquito bite that led eventually to Carnarvon's unexpected death. Email. from Thomas Hoving to Chris Ogilvie-Herald dated 18 July 2001.

 

ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ I. СМЕРТЬ ТУТАНХАМОНА
1See Carter, The Tomb of Tut. ankh.Amen, II, pp. 106—40; Deny, «Report upon the Examination of Tut.ankh.Amen's Mummy», in Carter, II, pp. 143—61.
2Brier, The Murder of Tutankhamen: A 3000-year-old Murder Mystery, pp. 166—7.
3Ibid, р. 167.
4RG Harrison's comments quoted in ibid, p. 165.
5Ibid. pp. 172-3.
6Ibid, p. 172.
7Ibid, p. 173.
8Ibid.
9Giiterbock, «The Deeds of Suppiluliuma as Told by His Son Mursili IVJCS 10 (1965), pp. 41-130.
10Ibid, pp. 107—8, Fragment 31, Bo 4543 and 9181.
11Ibid, p. 94, Fragment 28, Kbo V 6, Aiii.
12Aldred, Akhenaten: King of Egypt, p. 221.
13See, for instance, Aldred, p. 221.
14See, for instance, Mahdy Tutankhamun: The Life and Death of a Boy King p. 301.
15Ibid, p. 174.
16Ginzberg, The Legends of the Jews, II, p. 297.
17Weigall, Tutankhamen and Other Essays, p. 116.
18Ginzberg, II, p. 297.

 

ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ II. ВОЗДЕРЖАНИЕ ОТ СВИНИНЫ И КУЛЬТ СЕТА
1Hesse, «Pig Lovers and Pig Haters: Patterns of Palestinian Pork Production», JE 10:2(Winter 1990), pp. 195–225. For a full distribution of Iron Age pig remains see Table 3, pp. 215—16.
2Finkelstein and Silberman, The Bible Unearthed, pp. 119—20.
3Ibid, p. 119.
4See Finkelstein, «Ethnicityand Origin of the Iron Settlers in the Highlands of Canaan,» BA 59:4 (December 1996), p. 206.
5Finkelstein and Silberman, pp. 119—20.
6See Hunn, «The Abominations of Leviticus Revised: A Commentary on Anomaly in Symbolic Anthropology», in Ellen and Reason, eds. Classifications in their Social Context, 1979, pp. 103–116.
7Lev. 11: 7–8.
8Deut. 14: 8.
9Vaux, The Bible and the Ancient Near East, p. 267.
10See Hesse.
11Blaisdell, «Abominable and relatively unclean flesh: parasites and the prohibition against pork in Ancient Egypt and Israel», Argos 19 (1998), pp. 363—70.
12Herodotus, The History of Herodotus ii, 47.
13Ibid.
14Ibid.
15Ibid.
16Ibid.
17Plutarch, Isis and Osiris, 8.
18Aelian, On the Characteristics of Animals, x, 16.
19Ibid.
20Ibid.
21 Ibid.
22Ibid.
23Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians, ii, p. 368.
24Redford, Egypt, Canaan, and Israel in Ancient Times, p. 47.
25Frazer, The Golden Bough, p. 475.
26Hastings, Encyclopaedia of Religion and Ethics, xii, p. 133.
27Frazer, The Golden Bough, pp. 472—6.
28Te Velde, Seth, God of Confusion, p. 119.
29Ibid., pp. 121-2.
30Bietak, p. 269—70; Habachi, «Khata» na-Qanttr: importance», ASAE 52 (1952), pp. 458-70.
31Te Velde, pp. 124-5.
32Ibid., p. 125.
33Bietak, p. 270.
34Gardiner, Late Egyptian Stories, pp. 85—6.
35Bietak, «Avaris and Piramesse: Archaeological Exploration in the Eastern Nile Delta», PBA 65 (1979), pp. 250—1.
36Bietak, p. 251.
37See Vaux, p. 253.
38Ibid., pp. 252-4.
39Ibid., p. 259.
40See ibid., p. 265.
41Ibid, р. 256, quoting A. Bertholet, Kulturgeschichte Israels, 1919, p. 23.
42Ibid, p. 266, cf. the works of Movers and Bochart, Hie-rozoicon, 1675, col. 702—3.
43Hesse, p. 212.

 

ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ III. ЕГИПЕТСКИЕ ИМЕНА У ЛЕВИТОВ
1Ex. 2: 10; Propp, Exodus 1—18: A New Translation with Introduction and Commentary, p. 152..
2Propp, p. 152.
3Ex. 6: 16.
4Num. 3: 33, 35; 26: 57.
5Num. 3: 17; 1 Chron. 5: 27; 6: 1.
6Easton, The Illustrated Bible Dictionary, s.v. «Merari», pp. 457-8.
7Osman, Moses: Pharaoh of Egypt, p. 185; Propp, p. 276, after Cody, 1969: 40 n. 4.
8Osman, p. 185.
9Num. 3: 32.
10Ex. 6: 25.
111 Chron. 27: 17.
12Easton, s.v. «Phinehas», p. 548.
13Propp, p. 280, after Lauth 1871: 139—40; Cody 1969:71.
14Osman, p. 185.
15Ex. 6: 25.
16Propp, p. 280.
17Ex. 6: 21.
18Propp, p. 280.
19Easton, s.v. «Hur», p. 340.
20Odelain and Seguineau, Dictionary of Proper Names and Places of the Bible, s.v.'Hur», p. 166; Propppp. 617—8.
21Propp, p. 617, cf. ibn Ezra; Houtman 1989: 118.
22Ex. 17: 8—10.
23Ex. 17: 11.
24Ex. 17: 12.
25Ex. 17; 12. Trans. Propp, p. 26.
2бЕх. 17: 13–15. Trans, ibid.
27Propp, p. 620.
28Ibid.
29Ex. 24: 14.
301 Kings 2: 27, 35; 1 Chron. 29: 22.
31Num. 3: 4.
32Num. 20: 25-6.
33Num. 3: 32.
34Jg. 20: 28.
35Deut. 10:8; 31:9; 25.
36Ex. 32: 26-9.
37 Sam. 1: 3.
38Sam. 4:4, 11, 17, cf. 2: 29, 34.
39Odelain and Seguineau, s.v. «Hophni», p. 164.
40Budge, An Egyptian Hieroglyphic Dictionary, i, 480a.
41Osman, p. 185.

 

 

notes

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