Gerhard E. Lenski, Power and Privilege: A Theory of Social Stratification (Chapel Hill and London, 1966), pp. 243–48.

John H. Kautsky, The Politics of Aristocratic Empires, 2nd ed. (New Brunswik and London, 1997), p. 81

Horsley, ‘Historical Context of Q’, p. 154

Flavius Josephus, The Life, trans. H. St. J. Thackeray (Cambridge, Mass., 1926), 10–12; Alan Mason, ‘Was Josephus a Pharisee?: A Re-Examination of the Life, 10–12’, Journal of Jewish Studies, 40 (1989); Alan F. Segal, Paul the Convert: The Apostolate and Apostasy of Saul the Pharisee (New Haven, Conn., and London, 1990), pp. 81–82