Mark A. Noll, The Civil War as a Theological Crisis (Chapel Hill, 2006), pp. 24–25

John M. Murrin, ‘A Roof without Walls: The Dilemma of American National Identity’, in Richard Beeman, Stephen Botein and Edward E. Carter II, eds, Beyond Confederation: Origins of the Constitution and American Identity (Chapel Hill, 1987), pp. 344–47