См. E.W.Bovill, Caravans of the Old Sahara: An Introduction to the History of the Western Sudan (London: Oxford University Press, 1933), pp.43-47, 59-63; Diedrich Westermann, Geschichte Afrikas, Staatenbildungen sudlich der Sahara (Cologne: Greven Verlag, 1952), pp.72-76; J.D.Fage, An Introduction to the History of West Africa (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1955); George Peter Murdock, Africa: Its Peoples and Their Culture History (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1959), pp.72-73; J.Spencer Trimingham, A History of Islam in West Africa (London: Oxford University Press, 1962), pp.20-22.
